Dalvoy Logo
Dalvoy
UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-I20115 Marks50 Words
Q22.

Phase-IV of the tiger monitoring programme in India.

How to Approach

This question requires a concise overview of Phase-IV of India’s tiger monitoring programme. The answer should focus on its key features, methodology, findings (if available as of the knowledge cutoff), and significance. Structure the answer by briefly introducing the All India Tiger Estimation (AITE), then detailing Phase-IV, and finally highlighting its importance for conservation efforts. Avoid excessive detail, keeping it within the 50-word limit.

Model Answer

0 min read

Introduction

The All India Tiger Estimation (AITE), initiated in 2006, is a quadrennial exercise to assess the tiger population in India. Phase-IV, conducted in 2022, represents the latest iteration of this crucial conservation effort. It builds upon previous phases, employing advanced technology and a standardized methodology to provide a robust estimate of tiger numbers and distribution across the country. This phase is particularly significant given the global decline in tiger populations.

Phase-IV of Tiger Monitoring Programme

Phase-IV of the AITE (2022) utilized a two-pronged approach:

  • Camera Trapping: Extensive deployment of camera traps across tiger habitats to capture images for individual identification using stripe patterns.
  • Sign Surveys: Collection of data on scat, pugmarks, and other signs to estimate tiger presence in areas with limited camera trap coverage.

Key Features & Improvements

Several improvements were incorporated in Phase-IV:

  • Enhanced Technology: Increased use of GPS and GIS mapping for precise habitat delineation and monitoring.
  • Standardized Protocols: Refined protocols for camera trap placement, data analysis, and sign surveys to ensure consistency across states.
  • Community Participation: Greater involvement of local communities and forest guards in data collection and monitoring.
  • Mobile App: Introduction of the ‘M-Stripes’ mobile application for real-time data collection and monitoring of tiger reserves.

Preliminary Findings (as of knowledge cutoff - early 2024)

Preliminary findings indicated an increase in the tiger population compared to Phase-III (2018), estimated at 3,167 individuals. However, the final report with detailed analysis was expected to be released later in 2023/early 2024. The increase was attributed to improved conservation efforts, habitat protection, and effective anti-poaching measures.

Significance

Phase-IV is vital for:

  • Conservation Planning: Providing data for informed decision-making regarding tiger conservation strategies.
  • Habitat Management: Identifying critical tiger habitats and prioritizing conservation efforts.
  • Monitoring Effectiveness: Assessing the effectiveness of conservation interventions and adapting strategies as needed.
  • International Commitments: Demonstrating India’s commitment to tiger conservation under initiatives like the Global Tiger Forum.

Conclusion

Phase-IV of the tiger monitoring programme represents a significant step forward in India’s tiger conservation efforts. The improved methodology, enhanced technology, and increased community participation contribute to a more accurate and reliable assessment of tiger populations. Continued monitoring and adaptive management are crucial to ensure the long-term survival of this iconic species.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Evaluate your handwritten answer in under a minute

Free trial available • Trusted by 1,00,000+ aspirants

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

All India Tiger Estimation (AITE)
A nationwide exercise conducted every four years to estimate the tiger population in India, using a combination of camera trapping and sign surveys.
M-Stripes
A mobile application developed by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) and NTCA, used for real-time monitoring of tiger reserves, data collection, and patrolling by forest guards.

Key Statistics

In 2018 (Phase-III), India had an estimated 2,967 tigers.

Source: National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), 2018

India is home to approximately 70% of the world’s wild tiger population.

Source: World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 2022

Examples

Corbett National Park

Corbett National Park, India’s oldest national park, serves as a crucial tiger habitat and a key site for camera trapping during the AITE. The park’s diverse ecosystem supports a significant tiger population.

Frequently Asked Questions

▶What is the role of local communities in tiger conservation?

Local communities play a vital role in tiger conservation through participation in anti-poaching efforts, habitat monitoring, and providing information on tiger movements. Their involvement is crucial for long-term conservation success.

Back to all GENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-I 2011 questions