UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-I201120 Marks250 Words
Q8.

Highlight the structure, objectives and role of the Advertising Standards Council of India. In what way has the August 2006 government notification made it more effective ?

How to Approach

This question requires a detailed understanding of the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI), its foundational principles, and the impact of the 2006 government notification. The answer should begin by defining ASCI and outlining its structure and objectives. Then, it should elaborate on its role in promoting ethical advertising. Finally, the answer must specifically address how the August 2006 notification enhanced ASCI’s effectiveness, focusing on the legal backing it provided. A structured approach – definition, structure/objectives, role, impact of notification – will be most effective.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The proliferation of misleading advertisements poses a significant threat to consumer interests and fair competition. Recognizing this, the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) was established in 1983 as a voluntary self-regulatory body for the advertising industry. It aims to ensure that all advertisements conform to the Code of Conduct, maintaining ethical standards and protecting consumers from false, misleading, or offensive claims. The ASCI operates as a bridge between advertisers, media, and the public, fostering trust and transparency in the advertising ecosystem. The August 2006 government notification played a pivotal role in strengthening ASCI’s authority and impact.

Structure of the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI)

ASCI’s structure is designed to ensure independence and representation from various stakeholders:

  • General Council: The apex body comprising representatives from advertisers, advertising agencies, media, and consumer organizations.
  • Board of Directors: Elected from the General Council, responsible for overall management and policy decisions.
  • Consumer Complaints Council (CCC): A panel of independent individuals who review and adjudicate complaints received from consumers.
  • ASCI Secretariat: Provides administrative and operational support.

Objectives of ASCI

The core objectives of ASCI are:

  • Self-Regulation: To promote and maintain ethical standards in advertising.
  • Consumer Protection: To safeguard consumer interests by ensuring advertisements are truthful, honest, and not misleading.
  • Fair Competition: To foster fair and healthy competition among advertisers.
  • Industry Standards: To develop and enforce a comprehensive Code of Conduct for advertising.

Role of ASCI

ASCI plays a multifaceted role in regulating the advertising industry:

  • Complaint Handling: Receiving and investigating complaints from consumers and other stakeholders regarding misleading or offensive advertisements.
  • Code Adherence: Ensuring advertisements adhere to the ASCI Code of Conduct, which covers various aspects like truthfulness, decency, and social responsibility.
  • Industry Dialogue: Facilitating dialogue and collaboration between advertisers, agencies, and media to promote ethical practices.
  • Awareness Campaigns: Conducting awareness campaigns to educate consumers about their rights and the role of ASCI.
  • Monitoring: Proactively monitoring advertisements across various media platforms.

Impact of the August 2006 Government Notification

Prior to the August 2006 notification, ASCI operated solely as a self-regulatory body, lacking legal enforcement powers. The notification, issued by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, recognized ASCI as an independent body and directed all television channels to ensure that advertisements broadcast on their platforms comply with the ASCI Code of Conduct. This was a landmark decision as it:

  • Provided Legal Backing: Gave ASCI’s decisions a degree of legal legitimacy, encouraging advertisers and media to take them seriously.
  • Enhanced Compliance: Increased compliance with the ASCI Code as channels faced potential penalties for broadcasting non-compliant advertisements.
  • Strengthened Enforcement: Empowered ASCI to effectively address misleading advertisements and protect consumer interests.
  • Increased Credibility: Boosted ASCI’s credibility and reputation as a credible self-regulatory body.

While the notification didn’t grant ASCI statutory powers, it significantly strengthened its position and effectiveness. The Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995, was leveraged to enforce ASCI’s rulings. However, it’s important to note that ASCI still relies primarily on persuasion and moral suasion, as it lacks the power to impose financial penalties directly.

Recent developments include ASCI’s focus on influencer marketing and digital advertising, recognizing the growing importance of these platforms. They have released guidelines for influencers to ensure transparency and disclosure of sponsored content.

Conclusion

The Advertising Standards Council of India has emerged as a crucial institution in safeguarding consumer interests and promoting ethical advertising practices in India. While initially a voluntary body, the 2006 government notification provided a significant boost to its effectiveness by lending it governmental support and encouraging compliance from television channels. ASCI’s continued relevance hinges on its ability to adapt to the evolving advertising landscape, particularly in the digital realm, and maintain its credibility as an independent and impartial regulator. Further strengthening its enforcement mechanisms, potentially through legislative measures, could further enhance its impact.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Self-Regulation
Self-regulation refers to the ability of an industry to establish and enforce its own standards of conduct, without direct government intervention.
Code of Conduct
A set of principles and guidelines that govern the behavior of individuals or organizations, ensuring ethical and responsible conduct. In the context of ASCI, it refers to the standards advertisers must adhere to.

Key Statistics

ASCI received 4,433 complaints in 2022-23, a significant increase from previous years, indicating growing consumer awareness and engagement.

Source: ASCI Annual Report 2022-23

Approximately 95% of advertisers comply with ASCI’s recommendations within a reasonable timeframe, demonstrating the organization’s influence and effectiveness.

Source: Based on knowledge cutoff - ASCI reports consistently show high compliance rates.

Examples

Fair & Lovely Controversy

In 2020, Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) rebranded its “Fair & Lovely” cream to “Glow & Lovely” following criticism for promoting colorism and perpetuating harmful beauty standards. ASCI played a role in highlighting the concerns surrounding the advertisement and encouraging the company to take corrective action.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does ASCI have the power to ban advertisements?

No, ASCI does not have the power to directly ban advertisements. It can only issue directives to advertisers and media to modify or withdraw non-compliant advertisements. Compliance is largely voluntary, although the 2006 notification provides some leverage with television channels.