UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-II20115 Marks50 Words
Q28.

Difference between 'spin-drying' and 'tumble-drying' technology with reference to drying of washed clothes

How to Approach

The question requires a comparative analysis of two laundry drying technologies. A direct, concise answer focusing on the mechanism, energy consumption, fabric care, and cost is expected. Structure the answer by first defining each technology, then comparing them across key parameters, and finally, briefly mentioning their suitability. Avoid unnecessary details and maintain a technical focus. The answer should be within the 50-word limit, prioritizing clarity and precision.

Model Answer

0 min read

Introduction

Spin-drying and tumble-drying are both methods used to remove moisture from washed clothes, but they differ significantly in their operation. Spin-drying utilizes centrifugal force, while tumble-drying employs heated air and tumbling action. Understanding these differences is crucial for efficient laundry practices and fabric care.

Spin-Drying vs. Tumble-Drying

Spin-drying uses a rotating drum to fling water from clothes via centrifugal force. It requires minimal energy and is gentler on fabrics. It leaves clothes damp, requiring air-drying.

Tumble-drying uses heated air circulated by a rotating drum to evaporate moisture. It offers faster drying but consumes more energy and can cause fabric shrinkage or damage.

Feature Spin-Drying Tumble-Drying
Mechanism Centrifugal Force Heated Air & Tumbling
Energy Consumption Low High
Fabric Care Gentle Potentially Damaging
Drying Time Leaves Damp Faster, Complete Drying

Additional Points

  • Tumble dryers can be vented (exhausting air outside) or condenser (recycling air).
  • Modern tumble dryers often include moisture sensors for efficient operation.

Conclusion

In essence, spin-drying is a preparatory step, reducing moisture, while tumble-drying aims for complete dryness. The choice depends on convenience, energy cost considerations, and the type of fabric being dried. Tumble drying offers speed, but spin drying prioritizes fabric longevity and energy efficiency.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Centrifugal Force
An inertial force apparent from a rotating frame of reference, directing outward from the axis of rotation.
Vented Dryer
A type of tumble dryer that expels moist, warm air outside through a vent, typically to the exterior of a building.

Key Statistics

Household appliances account for approximately 15% of total electricity consumption in India (as of 2021, Bureau of Energy Efficiency).

Source: Bureau of Energy Efficiency, India

The global tumble dryer market is projected to reach USD 14.5 billion by 2028 (Source: Grand View Research, 2021).

Source: Grand View Research

Examples

Heat Pump Dryers

Heat pump dryers are a more energy-efficient type of tumble dryer, reusing the hot air instead of venting it, reducing energy consumption by up to 50% compared to conventional vented dryers.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is tumble drying bad for clothes?

Repeated tumble drying, especially at high heat, can cause fabric shrinkage, fading, and damage to elastic fibers. Lower heat settings and sensor drying are recommended.