UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20125 Marks
Q60.

Raju calls his mother he finds it difficult to manage on his own.

How to Approach

This question, while seemingly simple, requires an understanding of the socio-economic factors contributing to an adult's inability to manage independently. The answer should focus on the potential reasons behind Raju's difficulty, encompassing psychological, economic, and social dimensions. It should also touch upon the support systems available and the broader implications for individual well-being and societal responsibility. A structured response outlining these factors will be most effective.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The statement "Raju calls his mother he finds it difficult to manage on his own" highlights a common, yet often unspoken, struggle faced by many young adults transitioning into independence. While seeking parental support is natural, consistent difficulty in self-management can indicate underlying issues. This situation reflects a complex interplay of factors, ranging from economic pressures and skill deficits to emotional dependencies and societal expectations. Understanding these factors is crucial for addressing the challenges faced by individuals like Raju and fostering a society that supports self-sufficiency.

Understanding the Challenges

Raju’s difficulty in managing on his own can stem from a multitude of interconnected factors. These can be broadly categorized into psychological, economic, and social aspects.

Psychological Factors

  • Emotional Dependency: Raju may have developed a strong emotional bond with his mother, making it difficult to cope with the emotional challenges of independent living. This could be linked to overprotective parenting or a lack of opportunities to develop self-reliance during childhood.
  • Lack of Self-Confidence: A lack of belief in his own abilities can lead to anxiety and hesitation in making decisions, hindering his ability to manage daily tasks.
  • Mental Health Concerns: Underlying mental health issues like depression or anxiety can significantly impair an individual’s ability to function independently.

Economic Factors

  • Financial Instability: Lack of a stable income or sufficient financial resources is a major obstacle to independent living. This is particularly relevant in the context of rising living costs and limited employment opportunities. According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2022-23, the unemployment rate among youth (15-29 years) was 18.0%.
  • Debt Burden: Existing debts, such as student loans, can create significant financial stress, making it difficult to manage expenses.
  • Lack of Financial Literacy: Insufficient knowledge about budgeting, saving, and investing can lead to poor financial decisions and dependence on others.

Social Factors

  • Skill Deficits: Raju may lack essential life skills, such as cooking, cleaning, laundry, or basic home maintenance, which are necessary for independent living.
  • Social Support Network: A lack of a strong social support network can leave Raju feeling isolated and overwhelmed.
  • Societal Expectations: Cultural norms and expectations can influence an individual’s ability to transition to independence. In some cultures, extended family support is the norm, and seeking help from parents is not seen as a sign of weakness.

Addressing the Challenges: Support Systems

Several support systems can help individuals like Raju overcome these challenges:

  • Family Support: While Raju is already seeking support from his mother, it’s important to ensure this support is enabling rather than enabling dependence.
  • Counseling and Therapy: Professional counseling can help Raju address underlying psychological issues and develop coping mechanisms.
  • Financial Literacy Programs: These programs can equip Raju with the knowledge and skills to manage his finances effectively.
  • Life Skills Training: Workshops and courses can teach Raju essential life skills.
  • Government Schemes: Schemes like the National Career Service (NCS) provide employment guidance and skill development opportunities.

The Broader Implications

The inability to manage independently can have significant consequences for individuals and society. It can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as reduced economic productivity and social participation. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach that focuses on promoting individual resilience, strengthening social support networks, and creating economic opportunities.

Conclusion

Raju’s situation underscores the complexities of achieving independence in the modern world. Addressing his difficulties requires a holistic understanding of the psychological, economic, and social factors at play. Providing access to appropriate support systems, including counseling, financial literacy programs, and life skills training, is crucial. Ultimately, fostering a society that values self-sufficiency while also recognizing the importance of social connection and support is essential for the well-being of individuals like Raju and the overall progress of the nation.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Self-Sufficiency
The ability to provide for one's own needs without relying on the assistance of others, encompassing financial, emotional, and practical aspects.
Emotional Intelligence
The ability to understand and manage one's own emotions, as well as recognize and respond to the emotions of others. This is crucial for building healthy relationships and navigating the challenges of independent living.

Key Statistics

As of 2023, approximately 31% of India's population lives in urban areas, placing greater pressure on resources and increasing the cost of independent living.

Source: Census of India, 2011 (latest available comprehensive data)

According to the National Mental Health Survey of India, 2015-16, approximately 14% of adults in India experience some form of mental health issue, which can significantly impact their ability to function independently.

Source: National Mental Health Survey of India, 2015-16

Examples

The Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns forced many young adults to return to their family homes due to job losses and economic uncertainty, highlighting the fragility of independent living for many.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it normal for young adults to struggle with independence?

Yes, it is very common. The transition to independence is a significant life change, and it's natural to experience challenges and seek support from family and friends.