UPSC MainsENGLISH-LITERATURE-PAPER-I201310 Marks60 Words
Q13.

What do the lovers imply when they say 'so must it always be'?

How to Approach

This question requires a close reading of a literary text (unspecified in the prompt, making a general answer necessary). The phrase "so must it always be" suggests a sense of inevitability, fate, or a recurring pattern. The answer should explore the possible implications of this statement within the context of love – its joys, sorrows, and inherent contradictions. Focus on themes like the cyclical nature of relationships, the acceptance of pain as part of love, or the limitations imposed by societal norms. A concise, analytical response is expected, demonstrating understanding of literary nuance.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The phrase "so must it always be," often uttered by lovers in literature, encapsulates a complex acceptance of the inherent contradictions within romantic relationships. It’s a recognition that joy and sorrow, hope and despair, are inextricably linked, forming a cyclical pattern that defines the experience of love. This statement isn’t merely a passive resignation to fate; it’s a profound acknowledgement of the human condition and the enduring power of emotions, even in the face of inevitable pain. Understanding the context within which these words are spoken is crucial to deciphering their full implication, as they can signify everything from tragic acceptance to bittersweet understanding.

The Inevitability of Suffering

The lovers’ declaration often implies an acceptance of suffering as an intrinsic part of love. Romantic love, in its intensity, opens individuals to vulnerability, making them susceptible to heartbreak, loss, and disappointment. “So must it always be” suggests that this pain isn’t an aberration, but a fundamental component of the experience. This perspective aligns with tragic literary traditions, where love is frequently portrayed as a force that leads to destruction or profound sorrow.

Cyclical Nature of Relationships

The phrase can also point to the cyclical nature of relationships – the ebb and flow of affection, the periods of closeness followed by distance, the arguments and reconciliations. It suggests that these patterns are not unique to their specific relationship, but are universal and will continue to repeat themselves. This cyclical view acknowledges that love isn’t a static state, but a dynamic process of constant negotiation and adjustment.

Fate and Predestination

In some contexts, “so must it always be” carries a sense of fatalism. The lovers may believe their fate is predetermined, and their love is subject to forces beyond their control. This can be linked to societal constraints, family expectations, or even a belief in a higher power dictating their destiny. Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet exemplifies this, where the lovers’ deaths are foreshadowed and ultimately seem inevitable due to the feud between their families.

Acceptance of Imperfection

The statement can also represent an acceptance of the imperfections within both themselves and their beloved. Recognizing flaws and vulnerabilities is crucial for a realistic understanding of love. “So must it always be” suggests a willingness to embrace these imperfections, acknowledging that love isn’t about finding a perfect partner, but about accepting someone fully, with all their strengths and weaknesses.

Societal Constraints and Norms

Sometimes, the phrase reflects an acknowledgement of societal constraints that limit the possibilities of their love. Perhaps their love is forbidden, or they face external pressures that threaten to tear them apart. “So must it always be” then becomes a resigned acceptance of these limitations, a recognition that their love may not be able to overcome the obstacles in its path.

Illustrative Examples

  • In Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights, the cyclical nature of revenge and passionate love echoes the sentiment of “so must it always be,” as the characters are trapped in a destructive pattern.
  • In Thomas Hardy’s novels, characters often grapple with fate and societal pressures, leading them to utter similar phrases of resigned acceptance.

Conclusion

Ultimately, the lovers’ utterance of “so must it always be” is a multifaceted statement, laden with implications about the nature of love, fate, and the human condition. It signifies an acceptance of both the joys and sorrows inherent in romantic relationships, a recognition of cyclical patterns, and potentially, a resigned acknowledgement of limitations. The precise meaning, however, is always contingent upon the specific context of the literary work in which it appears, demanding a nuanced and attentive reading.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Fatalism
The belief that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable. It suggests a lack of free will and control over one's destiny.
Vulnerability
The state of being exposed to emotional or physical harm. In the context of relationships, vulnerability refers to the willingness to open oneself up to another person, sharing one's feelings, fears, and insecurities.

Key Statistics

According to a 2023 study by Pew Research Center, approximately 61% of U.S. adults believe love is essential for a fulfilling life.

Source: Pew Research Center (2023)

Divorce rates in the United States have fluctuated but remain significant, with approximately 40-50% of first marriages ending in divorce (CDC, 2021).

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2021)

Examples

Shakespeare's Sonnets

Shakespeare’s Sonnets frequently explore the themes of love, loss, and the passage of time, often with a sense of melancholy acceptance that resonates with the sentiment of “so must it always be.” The fleeting nature of beauty and youth is a recurring motif.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this phrase always indicate a negative outlook?

Not necessarily. While it often implies acceptance of pain, it can also represent a deep understanding and appreciation of the complexities of love, acknowledging that both joy and sorrow are integral parts of the experience.

Topics Covered

LiteraturePoetryLiterary CriticismPoetic AnalysisSymbolismThematic Interpretation