UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20145 Marks
Q21.

If you see him give him message.

How to Approach

This question tests basic English grammar and sentence construction. The approach should focus on identifying the grammatical errors in the given sentence and providing a corrected version. The answer should demonstrate understanding of conditional sentences and proper use of conjunctions. A clear explanation of the error and the rationale behind the correction is crucial. The response should be concise and accurate, reflecting a strong command of the English language.

Model Answer

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Introduction

Effective communication relies heavily on grammatical accuracy. Even seemingly minor errors can alter the intended meaning of a sentence. The given sentence, "If you see him give him message," contains a grammatical flaw common in informal speech. This flaw relates to the correct structure of conditional sentences and the appropriate use of verb forms following the 'if' clause. Correcting this sentence demonstrates a grasp of fundamental English grammar principles, essential for clear and precise written communication, particularly in a formal setting like the UPSC examination.

Identifying the Error

The primary error in the sentence "If you see him give him message" lies in the incorrect verb form following the 'if' clause. The structure suggests a conditional sentence, but the verb 'give' is not appropriately conjugated. The sentence attempts to convey a request or instruction to be carried out *if* a certain condition is met.

Corrected Sentence and Explanation

The grammatically correct sentence is: "If you see him, give him the message."

Breakdown of the Correction:

  • Conditional Clause: The 'if' clause ("If you see him") establishes the condition.
  • Main Clause: The main clause ("give him the message") expresses the action to be taken if the condition is met.
  • Comma Usage: A comma is necessary to separate the 'if' clause from the main clause.
  • Verb Conjugation: The verb 'give' is now in the imperative mood, correctly instructing the action to be performed.
  • Article Usage: The addition of the definite article "the" before "message" makes the sentence more natural and specific. It implies a particular message that is already known or has been previously mentioned.

Alternative Corrected Sentences

While "If you see him, give him the message" is the most natural correction, other grammatically correct options exist, though they subtly alter the meaning:

  • "If you see him, you should give him the message." – This adds a sense of obligation or recommendation.
  • "If you see him, then give him the message." – The inclusion of "then" emphasizes the consequence of seeing him.

Importance of Correct Sentence Structure

Correct sentence structure is vital for clarity and avoiding ambiguity. A poorly constructed sentence can lead to misinterpretations and hinder effective communication. In the context of the UPSC examination, precise and unambiguous language is paramount. The ability to identify and correct grammatical errors demonstrates a strong command of the English language, a crucial skill for both writing effective answers and comprehending complex texts.

Common Grammatical Errors in Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences often present challenges for non-native English speakers. Common errors include:

  • Incorrect verb tenses in the 'if' clause and the main clause.
  • Misuse of conjunctions (e.g., using 'because' instead of 'if').
  • Incorrect word order.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the original sentence "If you see him give him message" contains a grammatical error related to verb conjugation and sentence structure within a conditional context. Correcting it to "If you see him, give him the message" demonstrates a clear understanding of English grammar principles. Maintaining grammatical accuracy is essential for effective communication, particularly in a formal setting like the UPSC examination, where clarity and precision are highly valued.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Conditional Sentence
A conditional sentence expresses that one thing is dependent on something else. They often use 'if' to introduce the condition. There are different types of conditional sentences (zero, first, second, third) each with specific grammatical rules.
Imperative Mood
The imperative mood is used to give commands, make requests, or offer advice. It typically uses the base form of the verb without a subject (though the subject "you" is often implied). Example: "Give me the book."

Key Statistics

According to a 2022 study by Cambridge Assessment English, approximately 60% of non-native English speakers struggle with accurate verb tense usage in conditional sentences.

Source: Cambridge Assessment English Research Notes (2022)

A 2021 report by Grammarly indicated that errors in grammar and spelling can reduce a writer's credibility by up to 33%.

Source: Grammarly Blog (2021)

Examples

Real-world Example

A business contract often uses conditional language: "If the goods are delivered on time, payment will be made within 30 days." This clearly outlines the condition for payment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between 'if' and 'unless'?

'If' introduces a condition that *must* be met for something to happen. 'Unless' means 'if not' and introduces a condition that *must not* be met for something to happen. For example: "If it rains, the event will be cancelled" vs. "Unless it rains, the event will proceed."

Topics Covered

Language SkillsGrammarConditionalsSentence StructureGrammatical Accuracy