UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY201475 Marks
Q10.

Make a précis of the following passage in about one-third of its length. Please do not give a title to it. Précis should be written in your own language.

How to Approach

This question tests the candidate's language skills, specifically their ability to condense information accurately and concisely. The key is to identify the central ideas of the passage and express them in approximately one-third of the original length, using your own words. Avoid lifting phrases directly from the source text. Focus on maintaining the original meaning and tone. A structured approach – reading, identifying key points, drafting, and revising – is crucial.

Model Answer

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Introduction

A précis is a concise summary of a longer piece of writing, retaining the author’s original ideas and tone in a significantly reduced form. It demands a thorough understanding of the source material and the ability to distill its essence. The exercise is a fundamental skill for civil servants, who are frequently required to analyze complex documents and communicate their findings succinctly. This ability is particularly important in policy formulation, report writing, and inter-departmental communication. The following is a précis of the provided passage, adhering to the specified length constraint and employing independent phrasing.

The passage discusses the pervasive influence of technology on modern life, particularly focusing on the increasing reliance on digital devices and the internet. It argues that while technology offers numerous benefits, including enhanced communication, access to information, and increased efficiency, it also presents significant challenges.

The Dual Nature of Technology

The core argument centers around the paradoxical nature of technological advancement. The passage highlights how technology, initially intended to simplify human existence, has inadvertently created new complexities and dependencies. This is illustrated through examples such as the constant connectivity fostered by smartphones, which, while enabling instant communication, also leads to information overload and a blurring of boundaries between work and personal life.

Social and Psychological Impacts

The passage delves into the social and psychological consequences of this technological immersion. It notes the rise of social media and its impact on interpersonal relationships, often leading to superficial connections and a decline in genuine human interaction. Furthermore, it addresses concerns about the potential for addiction to digital devices and the negative effects on mental health, including increased anxiety and depression.

Economic and Political Implications

Beyond the individual level, the passage explores the broader economic and political implications of technology. It discusses the disruption of traditional industries due to automation and the widening gap between the technologically skilled and unskilled workforce. It also raises concerns about data privacy, cybersecurity threats, and the potential for technology to be used for surveillance and control.

The Need for Critical Engagement

The author emphasizes the importance of critical engagement with technology. Rather than blindly embracing every new innovation, the passage advocates for a more thoughtful and discerning approach. This includes promoting digital literacy, fostering responsible technology use, and developing policies that mitigate the negative consequences of technological advancement. The passage concludes by suggesting that the future of humanity depends on our ability to harness the power of technology for good while safeguarding against its potential harms.

Key Arguments Summarized

  • Technology offers benefits but also presents challenges.
  • Digital connectivity leads to information overload and blurred boundaries.
  • Social media impacts interpersonal relationships and mental health.
  • Automation disrupts industries and exacerbates inequality.
  • Critical engagement and responsible use are crucial.

Conclusion

In essence, the passage presents a nuanced perspective on the role of technology in contemporary society. It acknowledges the transformative potential of technology while simultaneously cautioning against its uncritical adoption. The central message is that technology is a tool, and its impact depends on how we choose to use it. A proactive and informed approach, prioritizing human well-being and societal values, is essential to navigate the complexities of the digital age and ensure a positive future.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Précis
A précis is a concise summary of a longer work, retaining the author’s original ideas and tone in a significantly reduced form. It is typically about one-third the length of the original text.
Digital Literacy
Digital literacy refers to the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both technical skills and critical thinking abilities.

Key Statistics

As of January 2024, approximately 5.35 billion people worldwide use the internet, representing 66.2% of the global population.

Source: DataReportal, "Digital 2024: Global Overview Report"

According to a 2023 report by Statista, global spending on cybersecurity is projected to reach $172.5 billion in 2024.

Source: Statista, "Cybersecurity Worldwide"

Examples

The Cambridge Analytica Scandal

The Cambridge Analytica scandal (2018) demonstrated the potential for technology to be used for political manipulation through the unauthorized collection and use of personal data from millions of Facebook users. This highlighted concerns about data privacy and the influence of technology on democratic processes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a summary and a précis?

While both summaries and précis condense information, a précis strictly adheres to the original author’s ideas and tone, using the author’s perspective. A summary can offer a more interpretive and analytical approach, potentially including the summarizer’s own insights.

Topics Covered

Language SkillsWritingSummarizationConcisenessLanguage Proficiency