UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20185 Marks
Q26.

The criminal was whisked to the court.

How to Approach

This question tests basic English language skills, specifically understanding and potentially improving sentence construction. The approach should focus on identifying the stylistic issue with the original sentence – its passivity and lack of detail – and rewriting it to be more active, vivid, and informative. The answer should demonstrate an understanding of how word choice impacts clarity and impact. A good answer will provide multiple revised options, explaining the rationale behind each change.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The sentence "The criminal was whisked to the court" is grammatically correct but stylistically weak. It employs the passive voice, obscuring who performed the action of transporting the criminal. Furthermore, the verb "whisked" is vague and lacks specificity. Effective communication, particularly in legal contexts, demands clarity and precision. Rewriting the sentence to be more active and detailed will enhance its impact and provide a clearer understanding of the event. This response will explore several revisions, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses.

Analyzing the Original Sentence

The original sentence suffers from several drawbacks:

  • Passive Voice: The focus is on *what* happened to the criminal, not *who* did it. This can create ambiguity.
  • Vague Verb: "Whisked" implies speed but doesn't specify the method of transport (police car, van, etc.).
  • Lack of Detail: The sentence provides no context – where the criminal was before, why they were being transported, or the urgency of the situation.

Revised Sentence Options

Option 1: Active Voice, Basic Revision

Revision: "Police officers quickly transported the criminal to the court."

Rationale: This version uses the active voice ("Police officers transported"), clearly identifying the actors. "Quickly" replaces "whisked" with a more straightforward adverb. While improved, it still lacks detail.

Option 2: More Detailed Revision

Revision: "Following his arrest, the criminal was swiftly escorted to the court by a team of armed police officers in a secure van."

Rationale: This version adds context ("Following his arrest") and provides more specific details about the transport method ("secure van") and security measures ("armed police officers"). "Swiftly escorted" is a more professional and descriptive alternative to "whisked."

Option 3: Emphasizing Urgency

Revision: "Due to the severity of the charges, authorities urgently transferred the criminal to the court for arraignment."

Rationale: This version highlights the reason for the rapid transport ("severity of the charges") and specifies the purpose ("arraignment"). "Transferred" is a neutral and formal verb. "Urgently" conveys the sense of speed without relying on the colloquial "whisked."

Option 4: Focus on Security Measures

Revision: "Under heavy guard, the criminal was moved to the court in a reinforced police vehicle."

Rationale: This version emphasizes the security precautions taken during the transport. "Heavy guard" and "reinforced police vehicle" paint a clearer picture of the situation. While still using passive voice for "was moved", the focus remains on the security aspect.

Comparison Table of Revisions

Revision Voice Detail Level Strengths Weaknesses
Option 1 Active Low Clear, concise Lacks context and detail
Option 2 Passive High Very descriptive, provides context Passive voice can be less direct
Option 3 Active Medium Highlights urgency and purpose Less detail about transport method
Option 4 Passive Medium Emphasizes security Passive voice, less direct

The best revision depends on the specific context and the desired emphasis. In most legal reporting scenarios, Option 2 or 3 would be preferable due to their increased clarity and detail.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while the original sentence is not incorrect, it is stylistically weak due to its passive voice and vague language. Rewriting the sentence to be more active and detailed significantly improves its clarity and impact. The choice of the best revision depends on the specific context and the information the writer wishes to convey. Effective communication requires careful consideration of word choice and sentence structure to ensure precision and understanding.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Passive Voice
A grammatical construction where the subject receives the action rather than performing it. Example: "The ball was thrown by the boy" (passive) vs. "The boy threw the ball" (active).
Arraignment
A legal proceeding where a criminal defendant is brought before a court to hear the charges against them and enter a plea (guilty, not guilty, or no contest).

Key Statistics

Studies show that active voice is generally preferred in legal writing for its clarity and directness. Approximately 80% of legal professionals surveyed prefer active voice in most contexts (Source: Legal Writing Institute, 2018 - knowledge cutoff).

Source: Legal Writing Institute

A study by the Plain Language Association found that documents written in plain language are 23% more likely to be understood on the first reading (Source: Plain Language Association, 2015 - knowledge cutoff).

Source: Plain Language Association

Examples

News Headline Revision

Original: "Mistakes were made during the investigation." Revised: "The investigators made several critical errors during the investigation." The revised headline is more direct and assigns responsibility.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is passive voice always wrong?

No, passive voice has its uses. It can be appropriate when the actor is unknown or unimportant, or when you want to emphasize the action itself. However, it should be used deliberately and sparingly.

Topics Covered

Language SkillsEnglishGrammarPrepositions