UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-IV201810 Marks150 Words
Q1.

State the three basic values, universal in nature, in the context of civil services and bring out their importance. (150 words)

How to Approach

This question requires identifying and explaining three universally accepted ethical values crucial for civil servants. The approach should be to first define ‘values’ in the context of civil service, then identify three core values – Integrity, Empathy, and Accountability – and elaborate on their importance with examples. Structure the answer by introducing the concept, dedicating a paragraph to each value, and concluding with a synthesis of their collective impact on good governance. Focus on practical implications and avoid abstract philosophical discussions.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The bedrock of a robust and responsive civil service lies in a strong ethical foundation. Values, in the context of public administration, are the principles that guide the conduct of civil servants, ensuring they act in the public interest with fairness and impartiality. These values are not merely aspirational; they are essential for maintaining public trust and ensuring effective governance. While numerous values are desirable, three stand out as universally fundamental: Integrity, Empathy, and Accountability. These values, when consistently practiced, form the cornerstone of a just and efficient administrative system.

Integrity

Integrity refers to honesty, trustworthiness, and adherence to moral principles. For a civil servant, integrity means resisting corruption, nepotism, and any form of undue influence. It demands impartiality in decision-making and a commitment to upholding the law, even when it is inconvenient or unpopular. A civil servant with integrity prioritizes public good over personal gain.

  • Importance: Integrity builds public trust in the administration. Without it, the system becomes vulnerable to corruption and inefficiency.
  • Example: The actions of IAS officer D.K. Ravi, who relentlessly fought against corruption in Karnataka, exemplify integrity. His commitment to ethical conduct, despite facing immense pressure, remains a powerful example. (Knowledge Cutoff: 2015)

Empathy

Empathy, the ability to understand and share the feelings of others, is crucial for a civil servant dealing with diverse populations and complex social issues. It requires actively listening to citizens, understanding their needs, and responding with sensitivity and compassion. Empathy goes beyond mere sympathy; it involves genuinely trying to see the world from another’s perspective.

  • Importance: Empathy ensures that policies and programs are designed and implemented with the needs of the people in mind. It fosters a sense of inclusivity and reduces social inequalities.
  • Example: The success of the ‘Mission Indradhanush’ (launched in 2014) – a nationwide immunization program – was partly due to the empathetic approach of healthcare workers who actively engaged with communities, addressed their concerns, and built trust.

Accountability

Accountability signifies being answerable for one’s actions and decisions. For civil servants, accountability encompasses transparency, responsiveness, and a willingness to accept responsibility for both successes and failures. It requires adhering to established rules and procedures, maintaining proper records, and being open to scrutiny.

  • Importance: Accountability prevents abuse of power and ensures that civil servants act in the best interests of the public. It promotes efficiency and effectiveness in governance.
  • Example: The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005, is a significant step towards enhancing accountability in the Indian administration by empowering citizens to access information held by public authorities.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Integrity, Empathy, and Accountability are not merely desirable traits but essential prerequisites for a thriving civil service. These values are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. A lack of integrity undermines accountability, while a lack of empathy can lead to insensitive and ineffective policies. Cultivating these values through rigorous training, ethical codes of conduct, and a supportive organizational culture is paramount for building a civil service that is truly dedicated to serving the nation and its citizens. Strengthening institutional mechanisms for promoting these values will be crucial for achieving good governance and sustainable development.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Ethics
Moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity. In the context of civil service, it refers to the principles guiding public officials in their duties.
Public Trust
The confidence that citizens have in their government and its officials to act in their best interests. It is essential for effective governance and relies heavily on ethical conduct.

Key Statistics

India ranked 85 out of 180 countries in Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index 2023.

Source: Transparency International (2023)

According to the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) 76th round (2018-19), around 55% of households experienced bribery while accessing public services.

Source: NSSO Report (2018-19)

Examples

The Sardar Sarovar Dam Project

The Sardar Sarovar Dam project faced criticism due to displacement of communities and environmental concerns. A more empathetic approach, involving greater consultation with affected populations and mitigation of environmental impacts, could have minimized the negative consequences.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can ethical dilemmas be resolved in the civil service?

Ethical dilemmas require careful consideration of all stakeholders, relevant laws and regulations, and potential consequences. Seeking guidance from senior colleagues, ethical committees, or established codes of conduct can aid in making informed and ethical decisions.

Topics Covered

EthicsGovernancePublic AdministrationValuesIntegrityAccountabilityCivil Service