UPSC MainsPSYCHOLOGY-PAPER-II201810 Marks150 Words
Q4.

A leader is a people's developer" (Napoleon). Which aspects of subordinates' development can be positively influenced by a leader? Discuss.

How to Approach

This question requires a nuanced understanding of leadership and its impact on subordinate development. The approach should be to first define 'development' in the context of subordinates, then explore various aspects a leader can influence – skills, knowledge, attitude, and potential. Structure the answer by categorizing these aspects and providing examples. Focus on how a leader’s actions (mentoring, delegation, feedback) contribute to each aspect. Avoid simply listing traits; demonstrate *how* a leader influences development.

Model Answer

0 min read

Introduction

Napoleon Bonaparte’s assertion that “a leader is a people’s developer” underscores the pivotal role of leadership in fostering growth and capability within a team. Development, in the organizational context, extends beyond mere skill acquisition; it encompasses the holistic growth of subordinates – their knowledge base, competencies, attitudes, and potential for future roles. Effective leaders recognize that investing in their team’s development is not merely altruistic, but strategically vital for organizational success. This answer will explore the specific aspects of subordinate development that can be positively influenced by a leader, illustrating how leadership practices can unlock individual and collective potential.

Aspects of Subordinate Development Influenced by a Leader

A leader can positively influence several key aspects of their subordinates’ development. These can be broadly categorized as skill-based, knowledge-based, attitudinal, and potential-based development.

1. Skill-Based Development

  • Technical Skills: Leaders can facilitate training programs, workshops, and mentorship opportunities to enhance subordinates’ technical expertise. Delegation of challenging tasks provides practical experience. For example, a project manager delegating a complex data analysis task to a junior analyst.
  • Soft Skills: Leaders can organize workshops on communication, teamwork, conflict resolution, and emotional intelligence. Providing constructive feedback on these skills is crucial.
  • Problem-Solving & Critical Thinking: Encouraging subordinates to participate in decision-making processes, brainstorming sessions, and root cause analysis exercises fosters these skills.

2. Knowledge-Based Development

  • Domain Knowledge: Leaders can encourage continuous learning through access to resources like industry journals, online courses (e.g., Coursera, Udemy), and conferences.
  • Organizational Knowledge: Leaders can facilitate knowledge sharing sessions, cross-functional projects, and mentorship programs to help subordinates understand the organization’s structure, processes, and culture.
  • Strategic Awareness: Involving subordinates in strategic planning discussions and providing them with insights into the organization’s long-term goals broadens their understanding of the bigger picture.

3. Attitudinal Development

  • Motivation & Engagement: Leaders can foster a positive work environment, recognize and reward achievements, and provide opportunities for growth to boost morale and engagement.
  • Confidence & Self-Efficacy: Delegating responsibility, providing autonomy, and offering encouragement builds confidence.
  • Growth Mindset: Leaders can promote a culture of learning from mistakes, embracing challenges, and viewing failures as opportunities for growth. This is aligned with Carol Dweck’s work on mindset.

4. Potential-Based Development

  • Identifying Strengths & Weaknesses: Regular performance appraisals and 360-degree feedback can help identify areas for improvement and potential for growth.
  • Succession Planning: Leaders can identify high-potential employees and provide them with targeted development opportunities to prepare them for future leadership roles.
  • Mentorship & Coaching: Providing personalized guidance and support helps subordinates unlock their full potential. Leaders can act as mentors or connect subordinates with experienced mentors.

The 70-20-10 Model for Learning and Development suggests that 70% of learning comes from on-the-job experiences, 20% from interactions with others, and 10% from formal training. Leaders play a crucial role in facilitating all three aspects.

Development Aspect Leader’s Role Example
Skill-Based Provide training, delegate tasks A manager sending a team member to a cybersecurity training course.
Knowledge-Based Encourage continuous learning, share organizational insights A leader sharing industry reports with their team.
Attitudinal Foster a positive environment, provide recognition Publicly acknowledging a team member’s contribution to a successful project.
Potential-Based Identify strengths, provide mentorship A senior executive mentoring a junior employee with leadership potential.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a leader’s influence on subordinate development is multifaceted and profound. By actively fostering skill enhancement, knowledge acquisition, positive attitudes, and potential realization, leaders not only empower their teams but also contribute to the long-term success of the organization. Effective leadership is not simply about directing work; it’s about cultivating talent and creating a culture of continuous growth. The modern leader must embrace the role of a ‘developer’ – investing in the people who drive organizational performance and innovation.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Mentorship
A relationship in which a more experienced or knowledgeable person provides guidance and support to a less experienced or knowledgeable person.
Succession Planning
The process of identifying and developing internal employees with the potential to fill key leadership positions in the future.

Key Statistics

According to a 2023 LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report, 94% of employees say they would stay at a company longer if it invested in their learning and development.

Source: LinkedIn Workplace Learning Report, 2023

Companies with strong learning cultures are 51% more likely to report increased employee engagement (Bersin by Deloitte, 2018).

Source: Bersin by Deloitte, 2018 (Knowledge Cutoff)

Examples

Satya Nadella at Microsoft

Satya Nadella’s leadership at Microsoft is often cited as an example of a ‘developer’ leader. He fostered a growth mindset, encouraged experimentation, and invested heavily in employee training and development, leading to a significant turnaround in the company’s performance.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between training and development?

Training focuses on imparting specific skills for a current role, while development aims for broader growth and prepares individuals for future roles and responsibilities.