UPSC MainsENGLISH-LITERATURE-PAPER-I201910 Marks
Q18.

What does the poet mean by saying the following? "Now round us spreads the watery plain- Oh might our marges meet again!"

How to Approach

This question requires a close reading of the provided lines and an understanding of the context from which they originate. The focus should be on deciphering the emotional and thematic weight carried by the imagery of the "watery plain" and the longing for reconnection ("our marges meet again!"). The answer should explore the potential metaphorical meanings of these elements, considering themes of separation, loss, and hope. A strong response will demonstrate literary sensitivity and analytical skill.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The lines, "Now round us spreads the watery plain – Oh might our marges meet again!" are taken from T.S. Eliot’s poem, *The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock*. Published in 1915, the poem is a landmark of Modernist literature, characterized by its fragmented structure, psychological realism, and exploration of themes of alienation and indecision. These particular lines appear towards the end of the poem, following Prufrock’s contemplation of mermaids and his ultimate realization of his own inadequacy. Understanding the context of Prufrock’s internal struggle is crucial to interpreting the poet’s meaning in these poignant lines, which encapsulate a deep yearning for connection amidst a pervasive sense of isolation.

Understanding the "Watery Plain"

The "watery plain" is a powerful image that operates on multiple levels. Literally, it refers to the sea, a vast and often isolating expanse. However, within the context of the poem, it functions as a metaphor for the modern world – a world characterized by anonymity, superficiality, and a lack of genuine connection. The sea’s immensity mirrors the overwhelming nature of modern life and the difficulty of finding meaning within it. The "plain" aspect suggests a flatness, a lack of distinguishing features, further emphasizing the sense of monotony and spiritual emptiness that pervades Prufrock’s existence.

Decoding "Our Marges Meet Again"

The phrase "our marges meet again!" is laden with longing and regret. "Marges" here likely refers to the edges or boundaries of individual consciousness, or perhaps the boundaries between Prufrock and others. The desire for these "marges" to meet signifies a yearning for genuine connection, for a breaking down of the barriers that separate him from meaningful relationships. This desire is particularly poignant given Prufrock’s demonstrated inability to form such connections throughout the poem. He is paralyzed by self-consciousness and fear of rejection, preventing him from reaching out to others.

Thematic Significance: Isolation and the Unreachable Ideal

The juxtaposition of the vast, isolating "watery plain" with the hopeful plea for reconnection highlights the central theme of isolation in the poem. Prufrock is adrift in a world that offers little solace, and his longing for connection is constantly thwarted by his own internal limitations. The exclamation mark after "Oh might our marges meet again!" underscores the intensity of this desire, but also hints at its unlikelihood. The use of "might" suggests a conditional hope, a recognition that the desired reconnection is far from certain.

Connection to Prufrock’s Character Arc

These lines appear after Prufrock’s fantasy about mermaids, creatures that represent a seductive but ultimately unattainable ideal. He imagines them singing to each other, oblivious to his presence. This reinforces his sense of exclusion and his inability to participate in the beauty and joy of life. The longing for his "marges" to meet can be seen as a desperate attempt to bridge the gap between his own reality and this idealized world. He desires to be part of something larger than himself, to experience the connection and fulfillment that he observes in others, but remains trapped within his own self-imposed limitations.

Literary Devices and their Impact

Eliot’s use of imagery and symbolism is crucial to the poem’s impact. The "watery plain" is a visual and emotional landscape that reflects Prufrock’s inner state. The repetition of sounds and the melancholic tone contribute to the overall sense of despair and longing. The fragmented structure of the poem itself mirrors the fragmented nature of modern consciousness, further emphasizing the theme of alienation. The use of archaic language ("marges") adds a layer of formality and distance, reflecting Prufrock’s own social awkwardness.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the lines "Now round us spreads the watery plain – Oh might our marges meet again!" are a powerful expression of longing and regret. They encapsulate the central themes of isolation, alienation, and the unattainable ideal that permeate *The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock*. The "watery plain" symbolizes the vastness and emptiness of the modern world, while the desire for "marges" to meet represents a desperate yearning for genuine connection. The lines serve as a poignant reminder of the human need for belonging and the challenges of finding meaning in a fragmented and isolating world.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Modernism
A movement in the arts and literature that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a rejection of traditional forms and a focus on subjective experience, fragmentation, and alienation.
Stream of Consciousness
A narrative mode that seeks to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. It is a key feature of modernist literature, exemplified in works like *Ulysses* by James Joyce.

Key Statistics

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), rates of loneliness and social isolation have been increasing globally, particularly among young people. A 2023 report indicated a 25% increase in reported feelings of loneliness since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Source: World Health Organization (2023)

A 2020 study by Cigna found that over 61% of U.S. adults reported feeling lonely, a significant increase from 54% in 2018.

Source: Cigna U.S. Loneliness Index (2020)

Examples

The portrayal of alienation in Franz Kafka’s *The Metamorphosis*

Similar to Prufrock, Gregor Samsa in Kafka’s novella experiences profound alienation from his family and society, highlighting the theme of isolation and the loss of human connection.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is Prufrock unable to connect with others?

Prufrock is paralyzed by self-consciousness, fear of rejection, and a sense of inadequacy. He overthinks every social interaction and is unable to express his true feelings, leading to a cycle of isolation.

Topics Covered

LiteraturePoetryLiterary CriticismPoetic MeaningLine-by-Line AnalysisLiterary Interpretation