UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-IV202210 Marks150 Words
Q1.

Question 1

Wisdom lies in knowing what to reckon with and what to overlook. An officer being engrossed with the periphery, ignoring the core issues before him, is not rare in the bureaucracy. Do you agree that such preoccupation of an administrator leads to travesty of justice to the cause of effective service delivery and good governance? Critically evaluate.

How to Approach

This question requires a nuanced understanding of bureaucratic functioning and its impact on governance. The approach should be to first define the core issue – administrators focusing on trivial matters while neglecting crucial ones. Then, critically analyze how this preoccupation affects service delivery and good governance, using examples. The answer should demonstrate awareness of the pressures and constraints faced by civil servants, while still maintaining a critical perspective on the consequences of such behavior. Structure: Introduction, Body (impact on justice, service delivery, governance, reasons for preoccupation), Conclusion.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The adage “Wisdom lies in knowing what to reckon with and what to overlook” highlights the importance of prioritization and discerning judgment, qualities crucial for effective administration. In the complex landscape of public service, it is not uncommon to find officers fixated on peripheral issues, losing sight of core responsibilities. This tendency, often stemming from risk aversion or a desire for visible achievements, can significantly undermine the principles of justice, effective service delivery, and ultimately, good governance. The question probes whether such preoccupation constitutes a travesty of these fundamental tenets, demanding a critical evaluation of its consequences.

Impact on Justice and Service Delivery

When an administrator prioritizes non-essential tasks, it inevitably leads to a travesty of justice. Resources – time, manpower, and funds – are diverted from areas where they are most needed. For instance, an officer excessively focused on maintaining pristine office records might neglect addressing public grievances related to essential services like healthcare or education. This creates systemic delays and inequities, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations.

Service delivery suffers directly. Consider a District Magistrate overly concerned with beautification projects while ignoring the deteriorating law and order situation. This misallocation of attention can lead to increased crime rates and a breakdown of public trust. The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts (1992) aimed at decentralizing power and improving local governance, but their effectiveness is hampered when officials are preoccupied with superficial matters rather than empowering local bodies.

Impact on Good Governance

Good governance hinges on principles like accountability, transparency, and responsiveness. An administrator engrossed with the periphery often exhibits a lack of strategic vision and a failure to address systemic issues. This can foster a culture of inefficiency and corruption.

Lack of accountability: When core issues are ignored, it becomes difficult to hold officials accountable for poor performance. They can easily deflect criticism by pointing to their achievements in less significant areas.

Erosion of Transparency: Focusing on superficial aspects can be a tactic to avoid scrutiny of more complex and potentially problematic areas.

Reduced Responsiveness: A preoccupation with minor details hinders the ability of the administration to respond effectively to the evolving needs of the public.

Reasons for Preoccupation

Several factors contribute to this phenomenon:

  • Risk Aversion: Administrators often shy away from tackling complex, politically sensitive issues for fear of repercussions. Focusing on easily manageable tasks provides a sense of control and minimizes the risk of failure.
  • Performance Indicators: The emphasis on quantifiable performance indicators can incentivize officials to prioritize tasks that yield visible results, even if they are not the most important.
  • Bureaucratic Inertia: Established procedures and a rigid hierarchical structure can stifle innovation and discourage officials from challenging the status quo.
  • Political Interference: Excessive political interference can force administrators to prioritize tasks that serve political interests rather than public needs.

Example: The implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) has often been hampered by officials focusing on maintaining records and ensuring compliance with procedural requirements, rather than ensuring that the scheme actually reaches the intended beneficiaries and provides meaningful employment. (Source: Multiple reports by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India)

Issue Consequence
Focus on Peripheral Issues Delayed grievance redressal, inequitable service delivery
Risk Aversion Neglect of complex, politically sensitive issues
Emphasis on Quantifiable Indicators Prioritization of visible results over substantive impact

Conclusion

In conclusion, the preoccupation of administrators with peripheral issues undoubtedly constitutes a travesty of justice and undermines effective service delivery and good governance. While acknowledging the pressures and constraints faced by civil servants, it is crucial to foster a culture of strategic thinking, accountability, and a commitment to addressing core challenges. Strengthening ethical frameworks, reforming performance evaluation systems, and promoting greater transparency are essential steps towards ensuring that administrators prioritize the needs of the public and uphold the principles of good governance. A holistic and citizen-centric approach, rather than a focus on superficial achievements, is paramount for realizing the full potential of the Indian bureaucracy.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Bureaucratic Inertia
The tendency of bureaucratic organizations to resist change and maintain established procedures, even when those procedures are inefficient or ineffective.
Good Governance
The process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented. It is characterized by participation, rule of law, transparency, responsiveness, consensus oriented, equity and effectiveness, accountability and strategic vision.

Key Statistics

According to the Economic Survey 2022-23, the average time taken to resolve public grievances in India is 32 days, indicating significant delays in service delivery.

Source: Economic Survey 2022-23, Government of India

The World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business report (discontinued in 2021) consistently highlighted bureaucratic delays as a major impediment to business growth in India.

Source: World Bank (prior to 2021)

Examples

Kerala Floods 2018

During the 2018 Kerala floods, some officials were criticized for focusing on documentation and procedural formalities rather than prioritizing rescue and relief operations, leading to delays in reaching affected communities.

Frequently Asked Questions

What role does political interference play in this issue?

Political interference can often dictate administrative priorities, leading officials to focus on tasks that appease political masters rather than addressing genuine public needs. This can exacerbate the tendency to overlook core issues.