UPSC Mains MEDICAL-SCIENCE-PAPER-II 2022

Enumerate the imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of cardiac diseases. List their specific indications in diagnosing cardiac illnesses.

Outline the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of anxiety disorders.

A 3 year old girl, who weighs 12 kg, presents with a history of loose stools mixed with blood and mucus, and fever for 3 days. On examination, she is active and feeling excessively thirsty. There is some loss of skin turgor.

Write your complete diagnosis.

Name the most common micro-organism responsible for this condition.

Write two most important life-threatening complications of this condition.

Outline the management of the condition in this girl.

Give two examples for each of the following types of vaccines used in under-5 children:

Capsular polysaccharide vaccines

Conjugate vaccines

Recombinant vaccines

Define the following terms :

Herd effect

Vaccine efficacy

State the various modes of transmission of scabies.

What is the mite burden in a classical case of scabies during an initial infection

in reinfection

in Norwegian scabies

Describe the distribution of cutaneous findings in scabies.

Discuss in brief the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome in a 40 year old adult.

A 2 year old boy of unimmunized boy weighing 6 kg presented with fever, cough, and difficult breathing for 5 days. There was a history of fever with maculopapular rash lasting for 3 days around 7 days prior to this episode. The child is febrile, has a pulse rate 116/min, respiratory rate : 72/min, SpO2 88%. There is severe chest indrawing and nasal flaring. Auscultation revealed bronchial breath sounds on left side and bilateral crepitations.

Write your complete diagnosis.

Enumerate 3 most important complications associated with this condition.

How would you assess the severity of illness in this child?

Discuss in brief the management of this child.

What are the four 'P's used to describe clinical manifestation of lichen planus ?

What are the common sites of cutaneous involvement in lichen planus ?

Describe Koebner phenomena. List the disorders where this phenomena can be observed.

Discuss in brief about the diet and exercise related advice given to a 35 year old male diagnosed with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

Write the acute complications of Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and outline their management.

How will you assess the mother-child duo to identify the underlying etiology of “NOT ENOUGH MILK”? Discuss briefly.

Outline the 4 criteria each for "correct positioning” and “correct attachment" of the baby for proper breastfeeding.

Discuss in brief the management of sore nipples.

What is your diagnosis ? Describe clinical picture of this disorder.

How do you treat skin condition of this child?