UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20235 Marks
Q28.

The workmen (repair) the road near our house.

How to Approach

This question tests basic English grammar and sentence construction. The task requires correcting the given sentence, identifying the tense, and ensuring subject-verb agreement. The approach should involve recognizing the ongoing action and using the present continuous tense correctly. The answer should be concise and grammatically sound, demonstrating a clear understanding of English language fundamentals. Focus on accurate verb conjugation and proper sentence structure.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The ability to construct grammatically correct sentences is fundamental to effective communication. This question assesses a candidate’s grasp of basic English grammar, specifically the correct usage of tenses and subject-verb agreement. The sentence provided, “The workmen (repair) the road near our house,” requires correction to reflect an action in progress. Understanding the nuances of the present continuous tense is crucial for accurately conveying ongoing activities.

The correct sentence is: The workmen are repairing the road near our house.

Explanation of the Correction

The original sentence lacked the auxiliary verb ‘are’ which is essential for forming the present continuous tense. The present continuous tense is used to describe actions that are happening now, at the moment of speaking, or around this time. Here’s a breakdown:

  • Subject: The workmen (plural)
  • Auxiliary Verb: are (required for plural subjects in the present continuous)
  • Main Verb: repairing (present participle of ‘repair’)
  • Object: the road
  • Adverbial Phrase: near our house

Tense Identification

The corrected sentence is in the Present Continuous Tense. This tense is formed using the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ (am, is, are) + the present participle (verb + -ing). It indicates an action that is currently in progress.

Subject-Verb Agreement

Subject-verb agreement is a crucial aspect of English grammar. Since the subject ‘workmen’ is plural, the auxiliary verb must also be plural, hence ‘are’ is used instead of ‘is’. Incorrect subject-verb agreement can lead to confusion and miscommunication.

Further Examples

  • I am reading a book.
  • She is writing a letter.
  • They are playing football.

Common Errors to Avoid

A common error is omitting the auxiliary verb or using the incorrect form of ‘to be’. Another error is using the base form of the verb instead of the present participle (e.g., “The workmen repair the road…” – this would indicate a habitual action, not one happening now).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the corrected sentence, “The workmen are repairing the road near our house,” accurately employs the present continuous tense and demonstrates correct subject-verb agreement. This simple exercise highlights the importance of mastering fundamental grammatical principles for clear and effective written communication. A strong command of English grammar is essential for success in the UPSC examination and beyond.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Present Continuous Tense
A verb tense used to describe actions happening now, at the moment of speaking, or around this time. It is formed using the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ (am, is, are) + the present participle (verb + -ing).
Subject-Verb Agreement
The correspondence between a subject and its verb in number and person. Singular subjects take singular verbs, and plural subjects take plural verbs.

Key Statistics

According to a 2023 report by Cambridge Assessment English, approximately 60% of non-native English speakers struggle with consistent application of verb tenses.

Source: Cambridge Assessment English Report, 2023

A study by the British Council in 2022 found that errors in grammar and punctuation cost businesses in the UK an estimated £3.5 billion annually.

Source: British Council Report, 2022

Examples

Construction Project

A news report might state: "Construction workers are building a new bridge across the river." This uses the present continuous to describe an ongoing project.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between the present continuous and the present simple tense?

The present simple describes habitual actions or general truths (e.g., "The sun rises in the east"). The present continuous describes actions happening now or around this time (e.g., "I am studying for the exam").