UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20235 Marks
Q65.

to go against the grain

How to Approach

This question, "to go against the grain," is an idiomatic expression requiring an essay-style response demonstrating understanding of its meaning and application in various contexts, particularly within the Indian socio-political landscape. The answer should explore the concept of non-conformity, challenging established norms, and the consequences – both positive and negative – of doing so. Structure the answer by defining the idiom, illustrating its relevance through historical and contemporary examples, and discussing its implications for societal progress and individual growth. Focus on examples from Indian history, politics, and social reform movements.

Model Answer

0 min read

Introduction

The idiom "to go against the grain" signifies opposing conventional thought, established practices, or popular opinion. It implies a deliberate choice to deviate from the norm, often requiring courage and facing potential resistance. Throughout history, individuals and movements have ‘gone against the grain’ to challenge injustice, promote innovation, and drive societal change. In the Indian context, a nation steeped in tradition yet striving for modernity, this concept holds particular significance. From the early reformers challenging caste hierarchies to contemporary activists fighting for social justice, the willingness to defy established norms has been a catalyst for progress. This essay will explore the meaning of this idiom, its manifestations in India, and its implications for individual and collective advancement.

Understanding the Concept

At its core, ‘going against the grain’ represents a rejection of the status quo. It’s not merely about being different; it’s about consciously choosing a path that diverges from accepted norms, even when that path is more difficult. This often stems from a deeply held belief in a different way of doing things, a moral conviction, or a desire for improvement. The ‘grain’ itself represents the established order – the ingrained beliefs, customs, and power structures that shape society.

Historical Examples in India

India’s history is replete with examples of individuals and movements that ‘went against the grain.’

  • Early Religious Reformers (6th Century BCE): The rise of Buddhism and Jainism challenged the Vedic rituals and the rigid caste system prevalent in ancient India. Mahavira and Gautama Buddha advocated for non-violence, equality, and a rejection of Brahmanical dominance, fundamentally altering the religious landscape.
  • Bhakti Movement (8th-18th Centuries CE): Saints like Kabir, Guru Nanak, and Mirabai challenged orthodox religious practices and emphasized a personal, devotional relationship with God, transcending caste and gender barriers.
  • Social Reform Movements (19th-20th Centuries): Figures like Raja Ram Mohan Roy (abolition of Sati, 1829), Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (widow remarriage), and Jyotirao Phule (education for lower castes) actively fought against deeply entrenched social evils and advocated for equality.
  • Indian Independence Movement (20th Century): Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of Satyagraha – non-violent resistance against British rule – was a radical departure from conventional methods of political struggle. It ‘went against the grain’ of imperial power and ultimately led to India’s independence in 1947.

Contemporary Manifestations

The spirit of challenging the norm continues to thrive in contemporary India.

  • Environmental Activism: Movements like the Chipko Movement (1973) and the Narmada Bachao Andolan challenged developmental paradigms that prioritized economic growth over environmental sustainability and the rights of local communities.
  • LGBTQ+ Rights Movement: The fight for the decriminalization of homosexuality (Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India, 2018) represented a significant challenge to traditional societal norms and legal frameworks.
  • Farmers’ Protests (2020-2021): The protests against the farm laws demonstrated the collective power of farmers to resist policies perceived as detrimental to their interests, ‘going against the grain’ of government policy.
  • Digital Activism: The use of social media to raise awareness about social issues, hold power accountable, and mobilize public opinion is a modern form of ‘going against the grain.’

The Dual Nature of Non-Conformity

While ‘going against the grain’ is often associated with positive change, it’s crucial to acknowledge its potential downsides.

Positive Aspects Negative Aspects
Promotes innovation and creativity Can lead to social disruption and conflict
Challenges injustice and inequality May be perceived as disrespectful or rebellious
Drives societal progress Can be isolating and emotionally draining
Encourages critical thinking May lack widespread support or practical feasibility

The success of ‘going against the grain’ often depends on factors such as the strength of the movement, the legitimacy of its cause, and the willingness of society to embrace change. It also requires careful consideration of potential consequences and a commitment to peaceful and constructive methods.

Conclusion

In conclusion, ‘going against the grain’ is a fundamental aspect of human progress and societal evolution. Throughout Indian history, individuals and movements have challenged established norms to create a more just, equitable, and sustainable society. While non-conformity can be disruptive and challenging, it is often essential for breaking down barriers, fostering innovation, and driving positive change. The ability to critically assess the status quo and courageously pursue alternative paths remains vital for India’s continued development and its aspiration to be a truly inclusive and progressive nation.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Status Quo
The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues. It represents the current norms, power structures, and beliefs within a society.
Satyagraha
A philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance developed by Mahatma Gandhi. It emphasizes truth, non-violence, and self-suffering as means of achieving social and political change.

Key Statistics

According to the World Values Survey (2018-2022), India shows a growing acceptance of diversity and individual rights, indicating a shift in societal norms, though traditional values remain strong.

Source: World Values Survey

As of 2023, approximately 51% of India’s population is under the age of 25, representing a significant demographic dividend and a potential force for challenging traditional norms and driving innovation.

Source: United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), State of India’s Youth Report (2022)

Examples

Medha Patkar and the Narmada Bachao Andolan

Medha Patkar led the Narmada Bachao Andolan, a movement opposing the construction of large dams on the Narmada River. This ‘went against the grain’ of India’s developmental policies focused on large-scale infrastructure projects, advocating for the rights of displaced communities and environmental sustainability.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is ‘going against the grain’ always a good thing?

Not necessarily. While often leading to positive change, it can also be disruptive and have unintended consequences. The context, motivations, and methods employed are crucial in determining its overall impact.