Model Answer
0 min readIntroduction
Sustainable development, a concept gaining global traction, aims to balance present needs with the well-being of future generations. Originating with the 1987 Brundtland Report, it has evolved from an environmental concern to a central policy objective. However, the term’s ambiguity and the inherent tensions between its economic, social, and environmental pillars present significant challenges to its effective implementation. This précis summarizes the core arguments and complexities surrounding the pursuit of sustainable development as outlined in the provided passage.
The passage defines sustainable development as meeting present needs without jeopardizing future generations’ ability to do the same, a definition that has faced criticism for its lack of specificity. The concept rests on three interconnected pillars: economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental protection, which are often perceived as conflicting objectives.
Critiques and Alternative Metrics
The passage highlights concerns regarding the ambiguity of the term and the potential for ‘greenwashing.’ Traditional economic indicators like GDP are deemed inadequate as they fail to account for environmental damage and social disparities. Alternative metrics, such as the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), are proposed to offer a more comprehensive assessment of progress.
The Three Pillars in Detail
Social inclusion, encompassing equity and human rights, is presented as vital for ensuring equitable distribution of development benefits. Simultaneously, environmental protection is underscored as essential for maintaining ecological integrity and ecosystem services. The passage emphasizes that achieving a balance between these pillars necessitates innovative policies and a shift in societal values.
Challenges and Global Frameworks
The challenges to sustainable development are multifaceted, encompassing climate change, biodiversity loss, poverty, and inequality. Addressing these requires international collaboration, technological advancements, and long-term planning. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), provides a global framework, though progress towards these goals remains uneven.
The Need for Holistic Approach
The passage concludes that a holistic approach is needed to address the complex challenges of sustainable development. This approach must move beyond traditional economic measures and prioritize social equity and environmental sustainability. Effective implementation requires a commitment to long-term planning and international cooperation.
Conclusion
In essence, the passage argues that while sustainable development offers a crucial framework for global progress, its successful implementation hinges on addressing its inherent ambiguities, balancing competing priorities, and fostering a more holistic and equitable approach to development. The 2030 Agenda provides a roadmap, but sustained effort and international cooperation are vital to overcome existing obstacles and achieve meaningful progress towards a sustainable future.
Answer Length
This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.