UPSC MainsESSAY2023125 Marks1000 Words
हिंदी में पढ़ें
Q5.

Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines.

How to Approach

This essay question demands a nuanced understanding of gender roles and societal expectations in India. The approach should be to deconstruct the contrasting burdens placed on girls and boys, highlighting how both contribute to limiting individual potential and hindering societal progress. The essay needs to move beyond simplistic narratives and explore the psychological, social, and economic consequences of these 'disciplines'. A structure focusing on defining the restrictions and demands, analyzing their impact, and suggesting pathways towards a more equitable future is recommended.

Model Answer

0 min read

Introduction

The assertion that “Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands – two equally harmful disciplines” encapsulates a profound truth about the insidious nature of gender conditioning. Traditionally, Indian society has imposed a framework of control over girls, curtailing their freedoms and opportunities under the guise of safety and tradition. Simultaneously, boys are subjected to relentless pressure to conform to ideals of masculinity – to be strong, stoic, and successful providers. This essay will explore how both these seemingly disparate approaches are, in reality, equally detrimental, stifling individual growth, perpetuating harmful stereotypes, and ultimately hindering the nation’s progress. The recent National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21) data reveals persistent gender disparities in education and health, underscoring the continued relevance of this discussion.

The Weight of Restrictions on Girls

For girls in India, restrictions manifest in various forms, often beginning at a young age. These include limitations on education, mobility, career choices, and even personal expression. The fear of societal disapproval and concerns about ‘honor’ often dictate their life paths.

  • Educational Disadvantage: Despite schemes like Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (2015), enrollment rates for girls decline significantly at the secondary and higher secondary levels, particularly in rural areas.
  • Mobility Constraints: Girls are often discouraged from venturing out alone, limiting their access to opportunities and reinforcing their dependence.
  • Early Marriage & Domestic Responsibilities: Despite being illegal, child marriage persists in many parts of India, robbing girls of their childhood and future prospects. According to UNICEF, as of 2021, 23% of girls in India are married before the age of 18.
  • Workforce Participation: Female Labour Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) in India remains low, at 32.5% (Periodic Labour Force Survey, 2021-22), reflecting societal barriers to women’s employment.

The Burden of Demands on Boys

While girls face restrictions, boys are burdened by a different set of expectations. They are expected to be the primary breadwinners, suppress their emotions, and embody traditional masculine traits. This pressure can lead to significant psychological and social consequences.

  • Emotional Suppression: Boys are often taught to ‘man up’ and suppress their emotions, leading to difficulties in expressing vulnerability and seeking help. This contributes to higher rates of suicide among young men.
  • Academic & Career Pressure: The expectation to succeed academically and professionally can create immense stress and anxiety.
  • Provider Role: The societal expectation to be the sole provider can lead to financial strain and feelings of inadequacy if they fail to meet these expectations.
  • Toxic Masculinity: The adherence to harmful masculine norms can contribute to aggressive behavior, violence, and disrespect towards women.

The Common Harm: Stifled Potential and Societal Costs

Both restrictions on girls and demands on boys ultimately lead to the same outcome: stifled potential and significant societal costs.

Restrictions on Girls Demands on Boys
Reduced economic productivity due to lower female workforce participation. Increased rates of mental health issues like depression and suicide.
Perpetuation of gender inequality and social injustice. Reinforcement of harmful gender stereotypes and toxic masculinity.
Limited innovation and creativity due to underutilization of female talent. Strain on family relationships due to emotional unavailability and pressure.

Breaking the Cycle: Towards a More Equitable Future

Addressing these harmful disciplines requires a multi-pronged approach:

  • Education: Promoting gender-sensitive education that challenges stereotypes and empowers both girls and boys.
  • Awareness Campaigns: Raising awareness about the harmful effects of both restrictions and demands through public campaigns and media engagement.
  • Legal Reforms: Strengthening laws and enforcement mechanisms to protect the rights of women and girls, and to address gender-based violence.
  • Role Modeling: Promoting positive role models who challenge traditional gender norms and demonstrate healthy masculinity.
  • Parental Guidance: Encouraging parents to raise their children without gender bias, allowing them to pursue their interests and passions freely.

Conclusion

The contrasting yet equally damaging pressures placed on girls and boys in India represent a significant impediment to national progress. By recognizing the harm inherent in both restrictions and demands, and by actively working to dismantle these ingrained societal norms, we can create a more equitable and just society where all individuals are empowered to reach their full potential. A shift in mindset, coupled with concrete policy interventions, is crucial to fostering a future where gender is no longer a barrier to opportunity, but a source of strength and diversity.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Patriarchy
A system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from public life.
Toxic Masculinity
A narrow and harmful set of beliefs about what it means to be a man, often characterized by emotional repression, aggression, and dominance.

Key Statistics

India ranks 135 out of 146 countries in the Global Gender Gap Index 2023 (World Economic Forum).

Source: World Economic Forum, 2023

According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) data, in 2021, 37.2% of suicide victims among males were due to family problems.

Source: National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), 2021

Examples

The Gulabi Gang

A group of women in Uttar Pradesh, India, who use pink saris as their uniform and fight against domestic violence and other forms of injustice, challenging traditional gender roles and empowering women in their community.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is the Female Labour Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) so low in India?

The low FLFPR is attributed to a combination of factors including societal norms that prioritize women’s domestic roles, lack of access to education and skills training, limited childcare facilities, and safety concerns.

Topics Covered

Social IssuesGender StudiesEthicsGender EqualitySocial JusticePatriarchy