Model Answer
0 min readIntroduction
Jawaharlal Nehru’s assertion that “To awaken the people, it is the women who must be awakened” underscores the pivotal role of women in societal transformation. This statement, made in the context of post-independence India, recognized that empowering women wasn’t merely a matter of social justice but a fundamental prerequisite for national progress. In present times, despite significant strides in areas like education and political representation, Indian women continue to face systemic challenges that hinder their full potential. The quote remains profoundly relevant, urging a renewed focus on dismantling barriers and fostering an environment where women can actively contribute to India’s growth story.
Historical Context and Nehru’s Vision
Nehru’s vision stemmed from the understanding that women, traditionally responsible for nurturing families and communities, possessed an inherent capacity to drive positive change. He believed that their empowerment would have a ripple effect, impacting all levels of society. This perspective was reflected in early policies promoting women’s education and participation in the workforce, albeit with limitations.
The Current Scenario: Progress and Persistent Challenges
India has witnessed notable progress in women’s empowerment in recent decades. Increased enrollment in schools and colleges, rising female labor force participation (though still lower than men’s), and greater representation in local governance (through reservations mandated by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts of 1992) are positive indicators. However, significant challenges remain:
- Economic Disparity: Women continue to earn less than men for the same work, and face barriers to accessing credit and property ownership.
- Social Norms: Deep-rooted patriarchal norms limit women’s mobility, decision-making power, and access to healthcare and education.
- Violence Against Women: High rates of domestic violence, sexual harassment, and gender-based crimes remain a major concern. According to the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21), approximately one-third of women aged 15-49 have experienced spousal violence.
- Political Underrepresentation: Despite reservations in local bodies, women’s representation in state legislatures and Parliament remains significantly low. The Women’s Reservation Bill, seeking 33% reservation in Parliament, is still awaiting passage.
The Ripple Effect: How Empowering Women Drives Progress
Nehru’s quote highlights the interconnectedness of women’s empowerment with broader societal development. When women are empowered:
- Families Thrive: Educated and economically independent women invest more in their children’s education and health, leading to improved family well-being.
- Communities Prosper: Women’s participation in local governance leads to more inclusive and responsive policies, addressing community needs effectively.
- Nations Advance: Increased female labor force participation boosts economic growth, while women’s leadership in various fields fosters innovation and progress.
Addressing the Challenges: A Multi-pronged Approach
Realizing the full potential of Nehru’s vision requires a comprehensive and multi-pronged approach:
- Strengthening Legal Frameworks: Enacting and effectively implementing laws to protect women from violence and discrimination.
- Promoting Economic Empowerment: Providing access to education, skill development, credit, and property ownership for women. Schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra Scheme aim to empower rural women.
- Challenging Social Norms: Raising awareness about gender equality and challenging patriarchal attitudes through education and media campaigns.
- Increasing Political Representation: Passing the Women’s Reservation Bill and promoting women’s leadership in all spheres of public life.
The Role of Technology
Technology can play a crucial role in empowering women. Digital literacy programs, access to online education, and platforms for entrepreneurship can help bridge the gender digital divide and create new opportunities for women.
Conclusion
Nehru’s quote remains a powerful reminder of the transformative potential of women’s empowerment. While India has made progress, sustained efforts are needed to address the systemic challenges that continue to hinder women’s full participation in society. Investing in women’s education, economic empowerment, and political representation is not just a matter of social justice, but a strategic imperative for achieving inclusive and sustainable national development. A truly awakened India can only be realized when its women are fully awakened and empowered to contribute their talents and potential.
Answer Length
This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.