UPSC MainsPOLITICAL-SCIENCE-INTERANATIONAL-RELATIONS-PAPER-I202310 Marks150 Words
Q17.

Functions of District Planning Committee

How to Approach

The question asks for the functions of District Planning Committees (DPCs). A good answer will begin by establishing the constitutional basis for DPCs (73rd & 74th Amendments). It should then detail the functions as outlined in the legislation, categorizing them for clarity (e.g., planning, implementation, monitoring). Mentioning recent developments or challenges faced by DPCs will add value. Structure the answer around the legislative framework and functional areas.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts of 1992 mandated the establishment of Panchayats and Municipalities as self-governing institutions, and consequently, District Planning Committees (DPCs) to facilitate decentralized planning. These committees, constituted at the district level, serve as crucial intermediaries between state governments and local self-governs. DPCs aim to prepare a comprehensive development plan for the entire district, integrating plans formulated by Panchayats and Municipalities, thereby ensuring a bottom-up approach to planning and resource allocation. This note will detail the functions of these vital institutions.

Constitutional and Legislative Basis

Article 243ZD of the Constitution of India provides for the constitution of District Planning Committees. The specific composition and functions are left to be determined by State Legislatures. Consequently, the structure and powers of DPCs vary across states, though the core objectives remain consistent.

Functions of District Planning Committees

1. Preparation of District Plans

  • Consolidation of Plans: The primary function is to consolidate the plans prepared by all Panchayats and Municipalities within the district into a comprehensive District Plan.
  • Gap Identification: Identifying gaps in the plans submitted by local bodies and suggesting remedial measures.
  • Resource Mobilization: Estimating the financial resources available and suggesting ways to mobilize additional funds for plan implementation.
  • Prioritization: Prioritizing projects based on their socio-economic impact and feasibility.

2. Implementation and Monitoring

  • Implementation Oversight: Monitoring the implementation of projects included in the District Plan.
  • Coordination: Coordinating the activities of various departments and agencies involved in plan implementation.
  • Review and Evaluation: Regularly reviewing and evaluating the progress of the District Plan and suggesting necessary modifications.
  • Addressing Grievances: Providing a mechanism for addressing grievances related to plan implementation.

3. Advisory Role

  • Advising the State Government: Advising the State Government on matters relating to district planning and development.
  • Technical Assistance: Providing technical assistance to Panchayats and Municipalities in preparing their plans.
  • Capacity Building: Facilitating capacity building of local body representatives in planning and development.

4. Specific Functions (as per some State Legislations)

State Specific Function
Kerala DPCs have the power to approve projects costing more than a specified amount.
Karnataka DPCs are involved in the preparation of the State Finance Commission’s recommendations.
Maharashtra DPCs oversee the implementation of centrally sponsored schemes at the district level.

Challenges Faced by DPCs

  • Lack of Adequate Funding: Many DPCs face financial constraints, hindering their ability to effectively perform their functions.
  • Insufficient Capacity: Lack of trained personnel and expertise in planning and development.
  • Political Interference: Political interference can undermine the autonomy and effectiveness of DPCs.
  • Coordination Issues: Difficulties in coordinating the activities of various departments and agencies.
  • Limited Powers: In some states, DPCs have limited powers, reducing their influence on district planning.

Conclusion

District Planning Committees are pivotal in realizing the vision of decentralized planning enshrined in the 73rd and 74th Amendments. While their functions are clearly defined, effective implementation requires adequate funding, capacity building, and political will. Strengthening DPCs is crucial for ensuring inclusive and sustainable development at the grassroots level, fostering greater participation of local communities in the planning process, and bridging the gap between policy formulation and implementation. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of their performance are essential for optimizing their contribution to national development goals.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Decentralization
The transfer of planning, decision-making, and resource allocation authority from central authorities to lower levels of government, such as local bodies.
Bottom-up Planning
A planning approach where plans are formulated at the local level and then aggregated upwards to higher levels of government, ensuring local needs and priorities are considered.

Key Statistics

As of 2023, there are 749 districts in India (as per the Ministry of Home Affairs).

Source: Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (as of knowledge cutoff - Sept 2021, data may have changed)

According to a 2019 report by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, only 36% of DPCs had dedicated staff and office space.

Source: Report on the Status of District Planning Committees, Ministry of Panchayati Raj (as of knowledge cutoff - Sept 2021, data may have changed)

Examples

Kerala’s People’s Plan Campaign

The People’s Plan Campaign in Kerala (1996-97) was a pioneering initiative that emphasized participatory planning at the grassroots level, with DPCs playing a key role in consolidating and implementing local plans.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a District Planning Committee and a District Development Council?

While both are district-level bodies, DPCs focus on planning and consolidation of plans from local bodies. District Development Councils (DDCs) are more involved in the implementation and monitoring of development programs, often with direct elected representatives.

Topics Covered

Indian PolityGovernancePanchayati RajDecentralizationPlanning