Model Answer
0 min readIntroduction
Concord, also known as subject-verb agreement, is a fundamental principle of English grammar. It dictates that the verb in a sentence must agree in number (singular or plural) with its subject. Errors in concord can significantly impact the clarity and correctness of written and spoken communication. This question presents a common error involving the use of pronouns and the implied collective noun, requiring a precise application of grammatical rules to arrive at the correct formulation.
Identifying the Error
The sentence "Everyone should do his duty" contains an error in concord. The subject, "everyone," is a singular indefinite pronoun. Traditionally, "everyone" was treated as masculine, hence the use of "his." However, modern English usage prefers gender-neutral language.
The Rule of Concord
When using indefinite pronouns like "everyone," "everybody," "someone," "somebody," "no one," and "nobody," the verb should be singular, even though these pronouns refer to multiple people in general. Furthermore, the possessive pronoun should be gender-neutral.
Corrected Sentence and Justification
The correct sentence is: "Everyone should do their duty."
The justification for this correction lies in the shift towards gender-inclusive language. Using "their" as a singular pronoun acknowledges that "everyone" represents individuals of all genders. While traditionally considered incorrect, the use of singular "they" has become increasingly accepted and is now recognized by many style guides, including the Associated Press (AP) Stylebook. This usage avoids the awkwardness of "his or her" and promotes inclusivity.
Alternative Corrections
While "their" is the most modern and inclusive option, other corrections are possible, though less preferred:
- "Everyone should do his or her duty." – This is grammatically correct but can be cumbersome and repetitive.
- "All should do their duty." – This changes the meaning slightly, shifting from individual responsibility to collective responsibility.
Historical Context of Pronoun Usage
Historically, English grammar adhered to strict rules regarding gendered pronouns. The default pronoun for indefinite pronouns was often "he." However, evolving social norms and a growing awareness of gender equality have led to changes in linguistic conventions. The acceptance of singular "they" reflects this shift.
Impact of Inclusive Language
The use of inclusive language, such as singular "they," is important for promoting equality and respect. It avoids reinforcing gender stereotypes and ensures that all individuals feel represented and valued. In the context of a formal examination like the UPSC Mains, demonstrating awareness of these linguistic trends is beneficial.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the original sentence "Everyone should do his duty" contains an error in concord due to outdated gendered pronoun usage. The corrected sentence, "Everyone should do their duty," reflects modern English conventions and promotes inclusivity. Understanding the principles of concord and the evolving nature of language is crucial for effective communication and accurate writing, particularly in a competitive examination setting.
Answer Length
This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.