UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20245 Marks
Q53.

The terrorists made it known that tourists would be (target/targeted)

How to Approach

This question tests grammatical accuracy and understanding of voice (active vs. passive). The core task is to identify the correct past participle form to complete the sentence. The answer requires a simple correction, demonstrating a grasp of English grammar rules. The approach involves recognizing the need for the passive voice to indicate the tourists *receiving* the action of being targeted, rather than actively targeting something themselves.

Model Answer

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Introduction

Terrorism, a global threat, often involves the deliberate targeting of vulnerable populations, including tourists, to instill fear and achieve political objectives. The choice of words in communicating threats is crucial, and grammatical accuracy is paramount in conveying the intended meaning. This question assesses the ability to correctly employ the passive voice in a context related to security and potential harm. Correct usage ensures clarity and avoids ambiguity in understanding the nature of the threat.

The correct phrasing is: "The terrorists made it known that tourists would be targeted."

Understanding the Grammatical Error

The original sentence uses "target" which is the base form of the verb. In this context, we need the past participle ("targeted") to form the passive voice. The passive voice is used when the subject of the sentence receives the action, rather than performing it. Here, the tourists are not doing the targeting; they are *being* targeted.

Passive Voice Construction

The passive voice is formed using a form of the verb "to be" (in this case, "would be") + the past participle of the main verb (in this case, "targeted").

Active vs. Passive Voice – A Comparison

Active Voice Passive Voice
The terrorists targeted the tourists. (Terrorists perform the action) The tourists were targeted by the terrorists. (Tourists receive the action)
Someone will target the tourists. The tourists will be targeted.

Why "Target" is Incorrect

Using "target" alone creates an incomplete and grammatically incorrect phrase. It doesn't indicate the state of *having been* targeted. The sentence requires a verb form that shows a completed action done *to* the tourists.

Contextual Significance

In the context of a terrorist threat, precise language is vital. Using the correct grammatical structure ensures that the message is clear and unambiguous, accurately conveying the danger faced by tourists. Misusing the verb form could lead to misinterpretation and potentially undermine the seriousness of the threat.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the correct completion of the sentence is "targeted" due to the necessity of employing the passive voice to accurately reflect that tourists are the recipients of the action, not the perpetrators. This seemingly simple grammatical correction highlights the importance of precision in language, particularly when communicating about sensitive issues like terrorism and security. Accurate grammar ensures clarity and avoids misinterpretations.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Passive Voice
A grammatical construction where the subject receives the action of the verb, rather than performing it. It is formed using a form of "to be" + the past participle of the main verb.
Past Participle
The form of a verb typically used with auxiliary verbs (like 'have', 'be', 'will') to form perfect tenses, passive voice, and other grammatical structures. It often ends in '-ed' for regular verbs.

Key Statistics

According to the Global Terrorism Index 2023, deaths from terrorism decreased by 28% in 2022 compared to 2021, but remain significantly higher than pre-2002 levels.

Source: Global Terrorism Index 2023, Institute for Economics & Peace

As of 2023, India ranks 14th globally in terms of the impact of terrorism, according to the Global Terrorism Index.

Source: Global Terrorism Index 2023, Institute for Economics & Peace (Knowledge Cutoff: Dec 2023)

Examples

Mumbai Terror Attacks (2008)

The 2008 Mumbai attacks involved terrorists specifically targeting tourist locations like the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, demonstrating the deliberate targeting of vulnerable populations to maximize impact and generate fear.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between 'affect' and 'effect'?

'Affect' is usually a verb meaning to influence something. 'Effect' is usually a noun meaning a result or consequence. However, 'effect' can also be a verb meaning to bring about.