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UPSC MainsENGLISH-COMPULSORY20255 Marks

Q4.

Write the antonyms of the following : (i) Feeble (ii) Scarce (iii) Query (iv) Captivity (v) Despair

How to Approach

The question requires identifying antonyms for five given words. The approach should be direct and precise. For each word, identify its primary meaning and then determine words that convey the opposite meaning. It is beneficial to provide one or two clear antonyms for each, focusing on commonly understood opposites. No elaborate explanations or sentences are needed, just the antonyms.

Model Answer

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Introduction

Understanding antonyms is a fundamental aspect of vocabulary and language proficiency, crucial for effective communication and comprehension. Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings, allowing for contrast and precision in expression. In the UPSC English Compulsory paper, such questions assess a candidate's grasp of the nuances of the English language. This exercise not only tests vocabulary but also the ability to quickly recall and differentiate between words with contrasting semantic values. Mastery of antonyms enhances linguistic dexterity, enabling aspirants to articulate thoughts with greater clarity and impact, a vital skill for essay writing and general studies papers.

Antonyms for the Given Words

Here are the antonyms for the words provided:

(i) Feeble: The word 'feeble' implies a lack of physical strength or effectiveness.

Antonyms: Strong, Powerful, Robust, Vigorous, Healthy

(ii) Scarce: 'Scarce' refers to something that is in short supply or not easily found.

Antonyms: Abundant, Plentiful, Copious, Ample, Numerous

(iii) Query: A 'query' is a question or an inquiry.

Antonyms: Answer, Reply, Response, Statement, Declaration

(iv) Captivity: 'Captivity' denotes the state of being imprisoned or confined.

Antonyms: Freedom, Liberty, Independence, Release, Emancipation

(v) Despair: 'Despair' signifies a complete loss or absence of hope.

Antonyms: Hope, Optimism, Joy, Confidence, Cheerfulness

Conclusion

The ability to accurately identify antonyms is a critical skill for language proficiency, reflecting a deep understanding of word meanings and their relationships. This exercise reinforces the importance of a strong vocabulary base, which is indispensable for excelling in various sections of the UPSC examination. A rich vocabulary not only aids in precise communication but also in interpreting complex texts and framing nuanced arguments, thereby contributing significantly to overall academic and professional success. Continued practice in vocabulary building remains essential for aspirants.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

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Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Antonym

An antonym is a word opposite in meaning to another. For example, 'hot' is an antonym of 'cold'.

Vocabulary

The body of words used in a particular language or by a particular person.

Key Statistics

Studies indicate that students with a rich vocabulary tend to perform significantly better in standardized tests, often scoring 10-15% higher in language-based sections compared to peers with limited vocabulary. (Source: Educational Testing Service reports).

Source: Educational Testing Service

Vocabulary size is directly correlated with reading comprehension. Individuals with larger vocabularies generally understand 70-80% more of complex texts on first reading than those with smaller vocabularies. (Source: Linguistics research journals).

Source: Linguistics research journals

Examples

Contextual Antonyms for 'Fast'

The antonym for 'fast' can vary based on context. If referring to speed, 'slow' is the antonym. If referring to a religious fast, 'feast' or 'eat' could be considered antonyms.

Antonyms in Daily Usage

When describing a weak argument, one might use 'feeble' or 'flimsy'. Its antonyms, like 'strong' or 'cogent', would describe a persuasive and well-supported argument.

Frequently Asked Questions

▶Why is vocabulary important for UPSC Mains?

A strong vocabulary is crucial for UPSC Mains as it enables precise articulation in essays and general studies papers, better comprehension of complex questions, and effective communication of ideas, thereby enhancing the quality of answers.

▶Can a word have multiple antonyms?

Yes, many words can have multiple antonyms, depending on the specific nuance of meaning being contrasted. For instance, 'good' can have antonyms like 'bad', 'evil', or 'poor', each contrasting a different aspect of 'good'.

Topics Covered

VocabularyAntonymsWord MeaningsOpposites

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