UPSC Prelims 2004·GS1·history·modern history

The Montague Chelmsford Report formed the basis of:

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  1. AThe Indian Councils Act, 1909
  2. BThe Government of India Act, 1919Correct
  3. CThe Government of India Act, 1935
  4. DThe Indian Independence Act, 1947

Explanation

The correct answer is B because the Montague Chelmsford Report, published in 1918, contained the reform proposals of Edwin Montagu, the Secretary of State for India, and Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy. These proposals were specifically aimed at introducing self governing institutions gradually in India and were enacted into law as the Government of India Act 1919. This act is well known for introducing the system of Dyarchy in the provinces and expanding the legislative councils. The other options are incorrect because the Indian Councils Act 1909 was based on the Morley Minto reforms. The Government of India Act 1935 was based on the Simon Commission report and the Round Table Conferences. The Indian Independence Act 1947 was based on the Mountbatten Plan.
history: The Montague Chelmsford Report formed the basis of
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