UPSC Prelims 2012·CSAT·Logical Reasoning·Deductive Logic

Four men are waiting at Delhi airport for a Mumbai flight. Two are doctors and the other two ace businessmen. Two speak Gujarati and two speak Tamil. No two of the same profession speak the same language. Two are Muslims and two are Christians. No two of the same religion are of the same profession, nor do they speak the same language. The Tamil-speaking doctor is a Christian. 1) The Christian-businessman speaks Gujarati. 2) The Gujarati-speaking doctor is a Muslim. Which of the above statements is/are correct conclusion/conclusions?

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  1. A1 only
  2. B2 only
  3. CBoth 1 and 2Correct
  4. DNeither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Here's a step-by-step deduction: 1. **Start with the given fact:** "The Tamil-speaking doctor is a Christian." Let's represent this person as P1: (Doctor, Tamil, Christian). 2. **Apply "No two of the same profession speak the same language":** Since P1 is a Doctor and speaks Tamil, the *other* doctor (P2) must speak Gujarati. So, P2 is (Doctor, Gujarati, ?). 3. **Apply "No two of the same religion are of the same profession, nor do they speak the same language":** Since P1 is a Christian (Doctor, Tamil), the *other* Christian (P3) cannot be a Doctor and cannot speak Tamil. Therefore, P3 must be a Businessman and speak Gujarati. So, P3 is (Businessman, Gujarati, Christian). 4. **Deduce the remaining two people (P2 and P4):** We now have two Christians (P1 and P3). The remaining two people (P2 and P4) must be Muslims. * From P1 (Doctor, Tamil, Christian), we know P2 is the other Doctor and speaks Gujarati. Since P1 is Christian, P2 must be Muslim. So, P2 is (Doctor, Gujarati, Muslim). * From P3 (Businessman, Gujarati, Christian), the other Businessman (P4) must speak Tamil (due to "no two of the same profession speak the same language"). Since P3 is Christian, P4 must be Muslim. So, P4 is (Businessman, Tamil, Muslim). 5. **Summary of all four individuals:** * P1: Doctor, Tamil, Christian * P2: Doctor, Gujarati, Muslim * P3: Businessman, Gujarati, Christian * P4: Businessman, Tamil, Muslim 6. **Evaluate the statements:** * **1) The Christian-businessman speaks Gujarati.** This matches P3 (Businessman, Gujarati, Christian). This statement is **Correct**. * **2) The Gujarati-speaking doctor is a Muslim.** This matches P2 (Doctor, Gujarati, Muslim). This statement is **Correct**. Since both statements 1 and 2 are correct, the answer is C. The final answer is C
Logical Reasoning: Four men are waiting at Delhi airport for a Mumbai flight. Two are doctors and the other two ace businessmen. Two speak

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