What is/are the importance/importances of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification? 1. It aims to promote effective action through innovative national programmes and supportive international partnerships. 2. It has a special/particular focus on South Asia and North Africa regions, and its Secretariat facilitates the allocation of major portion of financial resources to these regions. 3. It is committed to bottom-up approach, encouraging the participation of local people in combating the desertification. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) is one of the three Rio Conventions (along with the Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change). It focuses on sustainable land management and combating desertification, land degradation, and drought (DLDD). It aims to promote effective action through innovative national programmes and supportive international partnerships: The UNCCD encourages signatory parties to develop National Action Programmes (NAPs) to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought. It also emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and partnerships to support these national efforts. This statement is correct. It has a special/particular focus on South Asia and North Africa regions, and its Secretariat facilitates the allocation of major portion of financial resources to these regions: While many dryland regions, including parts of South Asia and North Africa, are indeed affected by desertification, the UNCCD is a global convention. It focuses on all affected developing countries, particularly those in Africa. It does not have an exclusive 'special/particular focus' or allocate a 'major portion of financial resources' specifically to South Asia and North Africa over others. Its scope is broader. This statement is incorrect. It is committed to bottom-up approach, encouraging the participation of local people in combating the desertification: The UNCCD strongly promotes a bottom-up approach, recognizing that sustainable land management and combating desertification require the active involvement and empowerment of local communities, land users, and other stakeholders. Their traditional knowledge and local solutions are considered vital for effective action. This statement is correct. Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct.