UPSC Prelims 2023·GS1·polity-and-governance·social justice and international relations

Consider the following statements: 1. Recently, all the countries of the United Nations have adopted the first-ever compact for international migration, the 'Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM)'. 2. The objectives and commitments stated in the GCM are binding on the UN member countries. 3. The GCM addresses internal migration or internally displaced people also in its objectives and commitments. How many of the above statements are correct?

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  1. AOnly one
  2. BOnly two
  3. CAll three
  4. DNoneCorrect

Explanation

1. The 'Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM)' was adopted in December 2018. However, it was **not adopted by all countries of the United Nations**. Several UN member states, most notably the United States and Hungary, chose not to adopt the compact or withdrew from its negotiation process. Thus, Statement 1 is **Incorrect**. 2. A crucial aspect emphasized during the negotiation and adoption of the GCM was its **non-binding nature**. The compact is a framework for cooperation and provides a set of principles and objectives for states to manage migration better, but its objectives and commitments are not legally binding on UN member countries. Thus, Statement 2 is **Incorrect**. 3. The GCM explicitly addresses international migration, that is, movements of people across borders. Its scope **does not** include internal migration or internally displaced people (IDPs) who remain within their own country. The compact's preamble clearly states that it "does not apply to internal migration and internally displaced persons". Thus, Statement 3 is **Incorrect**. Therefore, none of the statements are correct.
polity-and-governance: Consider the following statements: 1. Recently, all the countries of the United Nations have adopted the first-ever comp
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