Consider the following statements : 1. It is the Governor of the State who recognizes and declares any community of that State as a Scheduled Tribe. 2. A community declared as a Scheduled Tribe in a State need not be so in another State. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A1 only
- B2 onlyCorrect
- CBoth 1 and 2
- DNeither 1 nor 2
Explanation
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Statement 1 is incorrect. The President of India, not the Governor of the State, is empowered to specify the Scheduled Tribes in relation to any State or Union Territory, after consultation with the Governor of the State concerned (Article 342). Subsequent changes to this list can only be made by Parliament by law.
-
Statement 2 is correct. The list of Scheduled Tribes (and Scheduled Castes) is state-specific. A community that is recognized as a Scheduled Tribe in one State or Union Territory may not necessarily be recognized as a Scheduled Tribe in another State or Union Territory. This is because the criteria for recognition (like primitive traits, distinct culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact, and backwardness) can vary by region, and historical circumstances and local specificities are considered during their notification. For example, a community may be a Scheduled Tribe in Maharashtra but not in Karnataka.
Therefore, only statement 2 is correct.
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