61

Question 61

Who/Which of the following is the custodian of the Constitution of India?

AOptions

A
A) The President of India
B
B) The Prime Minister of India
C
C) The Lok Sabha Secretariat
D
D) The Supreme Court of India

BSolution

The Supreme Court of India acts as the final interpreter and guardian of the Constitution. Its role as the 'custodian' or 'guardian' of the Constitution implies several key functions:

  • Judicial Review: The Supreme Court has the power of judicial review, allowing it to examine the constitutionality of legislative enactments and executive orders of both the Centre and the states. If a law or order violates the Constitution, it can be declared null and void by the Supreme Court.
  • Protector of Fundamental Rights: It safeguards the fundamental rights of citizens, acting as the guarantor of these rights as enshrined in the Constitution.
  • Upholding Constitutional Supremacy: By ensuring that all laws and actions of the government adhere to the provisions of the Constitution, the Supreme Court maintains the supremacy of the Constitution.
  • Arbitration of Disputes: It resolves disputes between the Centre and the states, or between states, concerning constitutional matters.

While the President is the head of state and upholds the Constitution, and Parliament makes laws, it is the Supreme Court that ultimately interprets and protects the Constitution from any encroachment or violation.

Diagram for Q61

CStrategy

For questions identifying specific roles in the Indian constitutional setup, clearly understand the distinct powers and responsibilities of key institutions like the President, Parliament, and the Judiciary. The Supreme Court's role as the final interpreter and guardian is a fundamental concept in Indian Polity.

DSyllabus Analysis

This question falls under Indian Polity and Constitution, focusing on the role and functions of the Supreme Court of India.

EQuestion Analysis

Easy. This is a foundational concept in Indian Polity.