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Question 84

Which one of the following is the best description of the term 'ecosystem?

AOptions

A) A community of organisms interacting with one another

B) That part of the Earth which is inhabited by living organisms

C) A community of organisms together with the environment in which they live

D) The flora and fauna of a geographical area

BSolution

An 'ecosystem' is a fundamental concept in ecology. It refers to a functional unit comprising all the living organisms (the biotic community - flora and fauna) in a particular area, interacting with each other, and also interacting with their non-living physical environment (the abiotic components like soil, water, air, sunlight, temperature) as a whole. This interaction creates a flow of energy and cycling of nutrients.

Options A, B, and D describe only parts or aspects related to an ecosystem but do not encompass the complete definition that includes both biotic and abiotic interactions.

CStrategy

For definitions of ecological terms, focus on understanding the complete scope of the concept. An 'ecosystem' always implies the interaction between living organisms and their non-living environment.

DSyllabus Analysis

This question falls under the Environment and Ecology section of the UPSC Prelims syllabus, specifically testing basic concepts of ecology.

EQuestion Analysis

Easy. It is a foundational concept in environmental studies.