Question 26
AOptions
BSolution
Pyrolysis and plasma gasification are advanced thermal treatment processes used to convert various types of waste materials (such as municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and biomass) into energy. Pyrolysis involves heating waste in the absence of oxygen to produce bio-oil, syngas, and char. Plasma gasification, on the other hand, uses extremely high temperatures generated by an electrically heated plasma torch to break down waste into a synthesis gas (syngas) and a vitrified inert slag. Both technologies are designed to minimize landfill waste and generate energy, aligning perfectly with waste-to-energy initiatives. Therefore, these terms are directly associated with waste-to-energy technologies.
CStrategy
For questions involving technical terms, especially those related to environment, energy, or technology, try to recall their primary application or the broad field they belong to. Often, these terms are associated with contemporary issues like waste management, renewable energy, or pollution control. Understanding the basic principle behind the technology can help link it to the correct context.
DSyllabus Analysis
This question falls under the Science and Technology section of the UPSC Prelims syllabus, specifically related to energy technologies and environmental applications (waste management).
EQuestion Analysis
Medium. This question requires specific knowledge of waste-to-energy processes. While the terms might not be universally known, their context often appears in environmental studies.