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Question 31

With reference to Chausath Yogini Temple situated near Morena, consider the following statements :
1. It is a circular temple built during the reign of Kachchhapaghata Dynasty.
2. It is the only circular temple built in India.
3. It was meant to promote the Vaishnava cult in the region.
4. Its design has given rise to a popular belief that it was the inspiration behind the Indian Parliament building.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

AOptions

A) 1 and 2

B) 2 and 3 only

C) 1 and 4

D) 2, 3 and 4

BSolution

1. It is a circular temple built during the reign of Kachchhapaghata Dynasty: This statement is correct. The Chausath Yogini Temple at Mitaoli (near Morena, Madhya Pradesh) is indeed a circular-plan temple, and historical evidence suggests it was built during the reign of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty in the 11th century, possibly by King Devapala.

2. It is the only circular temple built in India: This statement is incorrect. While the Chausath Yogini Temple is a notable circular temple, it is not the only one in India. There are other circular structures and temples, though perhaps not as well-known or preserved.

3. It was meant to promote the Vaishnava cult in the region: This statement is incorrect. The Chausath Yogini temples, including this one, were dedicated to the Yogini cult, which involved the worship of 64 (Chausath) Yoginis, often associated with Tantric practices, rather than the Vaishnava cult.

4. Its design has given rise to a popular belief that it was the inspiration behind the Indian Parliament building: This statement is correct. The circular design of the Chausath Yogini Temple, with its central courtyard and radiating cells, bears a striking resemblance to the original Sansad Bhavan (Indian Parliament building) in New Delhi, leading to a widespread popular belief and some scholarly discussion about it being a possible inspiration, though not officially confirmed.

CStrategy

For questions about historical sites, verify specific claims regarding construction, purpose, and unique features. Be cautious of definitive statements such as 'only' or 'first,' as they are often incorrect in multiple-choice questions. Look for widely recognized associations or characteristics.

DSyllabus Analysis

This question pertains to the Art and Culture section of the UPSC Prelims syllabus, specifically ancient Indian temple architecture and historical significance.

EQuestion Analysis

Medium. Requires specific knowledge about a less common historical temple and its associated facts.