Question 4
1. India has more arable area than China.
2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.
3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China.
How many of the above statements are correct?
AOptions
BSolution
Let's analyze each statement:
1. India has more arable area than China: This statement is correct. Despite China being geographically larger, India generally has a larger net sown area or arable land area compared to China. India's plains and river valleys contribute to a significant proportion of its land being suitable for cultivation.
2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China: This statement is incorrect. China has made significant investments in irrigation infrastructure and typically has a higher proportion of its agricultural land under irrigation compared to India.
3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China: This statement is incorrect. China's agricultural productivity per hectare, across most major crops, is generally higher than India's. This is often attributed to factors like higher levels of mechanization, better use of quality inputs, advanced agricultural technologies, and larger farm sizes in some regions.
Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.
CStrategy
Comparative questions, especially between India and other major economies like China, are common in the UPSC Prelims. Focus on broad trends and key indicators (like arable land, irrigation, productivity) rather than precise figures. Understand the fundamental strengths and weaknesses of India's agricultural sector in a global context. Be wary of statements claiming superiority without strong evidence, especially in areas where India faces structural challenges.
DSyllabus Analysis
This question relates to 'Economic Geography' and 'Indian Agriculture' under the 'Indian Economy' and 'Geography' sections of the UPSC Prelims syllabus.
EQuestion Analysis
Medium. Requires comparative knowledge of agricultural statistics and characteristics of India and China.