39
Question 39
"Membrane Bioreactors" are often discussed
in the context of:
AOptions
A
A) Assisted reproductive technologies
B
B) Drug delivery nanotechnologies
C
C) Vaccine production technologies
D
D) Wastewater treatment technologies
BSolution
"Membrane Bioreactors" (MBRs) are indeed most commonly discussed in the context of wastewater treatment technologies.
An MBR system combines a conventional activated sludge biological treatment process with a membrane filtration process (like microfiltration or ultrafiltration). The membranes separate the treated water from the activated sludge, eliminating the need for conventional secondary clarifiers and tertiary filtration. This results in high-quality effluent, a smaller footprint for treatment plants, and the ability to handle higher concentrations of solids.
While 'bioreactors' are used in other fields like biotechnology (e.g., for vaccine production or cell culture), the specific term "Membrane Bioreactors" when used in environmental discourse almost exclusively refers to their application in water and wastewater treatment.
An MBR system combines a conventional activated sludge biological treatment process with a membrane filtration process (like microfiltration or ultrafiltration). The membranes separate the treated water from the activated sludge, eliminating the need for conventional secondary clarifiers and tertiary filtration. This results in high-quality effluent, a smaller footprint for treatment plants, and the ability to handle higher concentrations of solids.
While 'bioreactors' are used in other fields like biotechnology (e.g., for vaccine production or cell culture), the specific term "Membrane Bioreactors" when used in environmental discourse almost exclusively refers to their application in water and wastewater treatment.
CStrategy
For technical terms, associate them with their primary and most common application. 'Membrane Bioreactors' is a specific technology. Even if parts of the term (like 'bioreactor') have broader uses, the combined term usually refers to a specialized field.
DSyllabus Analysis
Science & Technology: Biotechnology, Environmental Engineering (Water and Wastewater Treatment). Current Affairs: Environmental Technologies.
EQuestion Analysis
This is a factual question from Science & Technology/Environment, specifically on environmental engineering. Membrane Bioreactors are a well-established technology in wastewater treatment. The other options are distractors that might use 'bioreactors' in a different context. Easy difficulty.