UPSC MainsGENERAL-STUDIES-PAPER-IV201910 Marks150 Words
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Q14.

Abdul Kalam: Purity, Harmony & Peace

"Jahan hriday mein shuchita hai, vahan charitra mein sundarta hai. Jab charitra mein saundarya hai, tab ghar mein samarasata hai. Jab ghar mein samarasata hai, tab rashtra mein suvyavastha hai. Jab rashtra mein suvyavastha hai, tab vishwa mein shanti hai." - A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

How to Approach

This question, framed as a quote by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, requires a nuanced understanding of ethical governance and its cascading effects. The approach should be to deconstruct the quote, explaining each link in the chain – purity of heart to beauty of character, character to family harmony, harmony to good governance, and finally, good governance to world peace. The answer should demonstrate an understanding of ethical principles like integrity, empathy, and social responsibility, and connect them to practical governance challenges. A structure of explaining each link with examples will be effective.

Model Answer

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Introduction

The quote by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam beautifully encapsulates the interconnectedness between individual ethics and global peace. It posits a hierarchical relationship where inner purity blossoms into societal harmony and ultimately, international tranquility. In the context of civil services, this quote serves as a potent reminder of the profound responsibility borne by public servants. Their actions, rooted in ethical conduct, directly impact the lives of citizens and contribute to the overall well-being of the nation and the world. The quote emphasizes that sustainable peace isn’t merely the absence of conflict, but a positive state built upon a foundation of moral character and good governance.

Deconstructing the Kalam’s Philosophy

The quote presents a four-tiered structure, each building upon the previous one. Let's examine each link:

1. Purity of Heart (Shuchita) to Beauty of Character (Sundarta)

‘Shuchita’ refers to inner integrity, honesty, and a lack of malice. This internal state translates into ‘Sundarta’ – a beautiful character marked by virtues like compassion, empathy, and fairness. A civil servant with a pure heart will be less susceptible to corruption, bias, and abuse of power. Example: The dedication and integrity displayed by Turab Ali, a 1978 batch IAS officer known for his work in land reforms in Bihar, exemplifies this link. His commitment to the marginalized, stemming from a sense of justice, shaped his impactful career.

2. Beauty of Character to Family Harmony (Samarasata)

An individual with a strong moral compass naturally fosters harmonious relationships within their family. This harmony is built on trust, respect, and shared values. A civil servant who embodies these qualities will likely create a nurturing and supportive environment at home. Example: Families where parents prioritize ethical behavior and open communication tend to have stronger bonds and fewer conflicts. This positive influence extends to the next generation, instilling similar values.

3. Family Harmony to Good Governance (Suvyavastha)

When individuals prioritize harmony within their families, it extends to their interactions within society and, crucially, within the governance system. A society composed of ethically grounded families is more likely to demand and support good governance. Civil servants raised in such environments are more likely to prioritize public service over personal gain. Example: Scandinavian countries, consistently ranked high on governance indices (Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index), often emphasize strong family values and social cohesion.

4. Good Governance to World Peace (Shanti)

Effective, transparent, and equitable governance is the cornerstone of a peaceful society. When a nation prioritizes the welfare of its citizens, upholds the rule of law, and resolves disputes peacefully, it contributes to regional and global stability. A nation known for its ethical governance earns the trust of other nations, fostering cooperation and reducing the likelihood of conflict. Example: India’s long-standing tradition of ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’ (the world is one family) reflects this principle, advocating for peaceful coexistence and global cooperation. India’s role in UN peacekeeping missions demonstrates its commitment to international peace.

Challenges to Implementing this Philosophy

Despite the inherent logic of Kalam’s philosophy, several challenges hinder its implementation:

  • Corruption: Rampant corruption erodes public trust and undermines good governance.
  • Political Interference: Undue political influence can compromise the integrity of civil servants.
  • Lack of Accountability: Weak accountability mechanisms allow unethical behavior to flourish.
  • Social Inequalities: Deep-rooted social inequalities can create resentment and instability.

Strengthening Ethical Governance

To realize Kalam’s vision, the following steps are crucial:

  • Strengthening Institutions: Empowering institutions like the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) and the Lokpal.
  • Promoting Ethical Education: Integrating ethics and values into the curriculum at all levels of education.
  • Enhancing Transparency: Utilizing technology to promote transparency and accountability in governance (e.g., Right to Information Act, 2005).
  • Citizen Participation: Encouraging citizen participation in decision-making processes.

Conclusion

Dr. Kalam’s quote serves as a powerful reminder that ethical governance is not merely a matter of policy and procedure, but a reflection of our collective moral character. By prioritizing purity of heart, fostering harmonious relationships, and upholding the principles of good governance, we can contribute to a more just, peaceful, and sustainable world. The journey towards this ideal requires continuous self-reflection, unwavering commitment to ethical principles, and a collective effort to build a society founded on trust, integrity, and compassion.

Answer Length

This is a comprehensive model answer for learning purposes and may exceed the word limit. In the exam, always adhere to the prescribed word count.

Additional Resources

Key Definitions

Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
A Sanskrit phrase meaning "the world is one family," representing a humanist philosophy advocating for universal brotherhood and peaceful coexistence.
Rule of Law
The principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to the law, which is fairly applied and enforced.

Key Statistics

India ranked 85 out of 180 countries in Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index 2023.

Source: Transparency International (2023)

According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), the conviction rate in India for serious crimes is relatively low, around 30% (Data as of 2022).

Source: National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), 2022

Examples

The Sardar Sarovar Dam Project

The Sardar Sarovar Dam project faced significant ethical concerns regarding displacement of communities and environmental impact. The project highlighted the need for inclusive development and responsible governance.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can civil servants maintain integrity in the face of political pressure?

Civil servants can maintain integrity by adhering to established rules and regulations, seeking guidance from senior colleagues, documenting all decisions, and being prepared to defend their actions based on ethical principles.

Topics Covered

EthicsPhilosophyGovernanceValuesMoralityHarmonyPeace