UPSC Prelims 1997·GS1·geography·oceanography

Which one of the following factors is responsible for the change in the regular direction of the ocean currents in the Indian Ocean?

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  1. AIndian Ocean is ‘half an ocean’
  2. BIndian Ocean has monsoon driftCorrect
  3. CIndian Ocean is a land-locked ocean
  4. DIndian Ocean has greater variation in salinity

Explanation

The correct answer is B because the Indian Ocean is unique due to its seasonal reversal of winds known as the monsoons. In most other oceans, currents follow a fixed pattern driven by constant trade winds. However, in the North Indian Ocean, the surface circulation changes completely twice a year. During summer, the South West Monsoon pushes the water in a clockwise direction, while during winter, the North East Monsoon reverses it to a counter clockwise direction. This seasonal change in wind direction creates the Monsoon Drift, which is responsible for the unique reversal of ocean currents in this region.
geography: Which one of the following factors is responsible for the change in the regular direction of the ocean currents in the I

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