Which one of the following was initially the most powerful city state of India in the 6th century B.C.?
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UPSC Civil Services preparation
- AGandhar
- BKamboj
- CKashi
- DMagadhCorrect
Explanation
Magadh was the most powerful city state or Mahajanapada in the 6th century B.C. for several strategic reasons. Geographically, it was protected by the natural barriers of the Ganges, Son, and Champa rivers, and its capital Rajgir was surrounded by five hills. Economically, Magadh benefited from fertile alluvial soil which produced surplus crops and provided access to rich iron ore deposits in the nearby Rajmahal hills. This iron allowed the kingdom to manufacture superior weapons and tools. Additionally, Magadh was the first to use war elephants on a large scale against its enemies. Under the leadership of ambitious rulers like Bimbisara and Ajatashatru, Magadh eventually expanded its territory and eclipsed other powerful states like Kashi, Kosala, and Vatsa to become the center of political power in ancient India.
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