With reference to recent developments regarding 'Recombinant Vector Vaccines', consider the following statements : 1. Genetic engineering is applied in the development of these vaccines. 2. Bacteria and viruses are used as vectors. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A1 only
- B2 only
- CBoth 1 and 2Correct
- DNeither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: Recombinant vector vaccines are a type of vaccine that uses a harmless virus or bacterium (the vector) to deliver specific genetic material (DNA or RNA) from the pathogen (e.g., a virus) into the host's cells. This process involves genetic engineering to modify the vector organism to carry the desired genes. The host's cells then produce antigens, triggering an immune response.
Statement 2 is correct: Both viruses and bacteria can be used as vectors in vaccine development. Common viral vectors include adenoviruses (e.g., in some COVID-19 vaccines), measles virus, or vaccinia virus. Attenuated (weakened) bacteria like Salmonella or Listeria have also been explored as bacterial vectors to deliver antigens or genetic material.
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