UPSC Prelims 2022·GS1·economy·open economy

With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. An increase in Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (NEER) indicates the appreciation of rupee. 2. An increase in the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) indicates an improvement in trade competitiveness. 3. An increasing trend in domestic inflation relative to inflation in other countries is likely to cause an increasing divergence between NEER and REER. Which of the above statements are correct?

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  1. A1 and 2 only
  2. B2 and 3 only
  3. C1 and 3 onlyCorrect
  4. D1, 2 and 3

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct. Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) is a weighted average of a country's currency in relation to a basket of other major currencies, adjusted for inflation. Statement 2 is incorrect. An increase in REER indicates that the domestic currency has become more expensive relative to trading partners in real terms, which means a loss of trade competitiveness, not an improvement. Statement 3 is correct. REER is used as an indicator of whether the currency is overvalued or undervalued relative to its trading partners. Therefore, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.
economy: With reference to the Indian economy, consider the following statements: 1. An increase in Nominal Effective Exchange Ra

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