UPSC Prelims 1997·GS1·polity-and-governance·political dynamics

Proportional representation is NOT necessary in a country where

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Last updated 23 May 2026, 3:31 pm IST
  1. Athere are no reserved constituencies
  2. Ba two-party system has developedCorrect
  3. Cthe first-past-post system prevails
  4. Dthere is a fusion of Presidential and Parliamentary forms of governments

Explanation

The correct answer is B because the primary goal of proportional representation is to ensure that smaller parties and minority groups receive a seat share that reflects their actual vote share. In a two party system, the competition is already limited to two major players who represent the vast majority of the electorate. Since there are no significant third parties or small fragmented groups to protect, the complexities of proportional representation are not needed. In such a system, the majority or plurality winner will naturally represent a large enough portion of the population to maintain democratic legitimacy. In contrast, the other options like the absence of reserved constituencies or the existence of a first past post system are conditions that often necessitate proportional representation to ensure fairness for smaller groups.
polity-and-governance: Proportional representation is NOT necessary in a country where
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