With reference to the work of human kidney, consider the following statements: 1. After the waste is removed in the kidney, the cleaner blood is sent back through renal artery. 2. From Bowman’s capsule, the filtered liquid passes through tiny tubes where much of the glucose is reabsorbed and sent back to the blood in the renal vein. Which of these statements is/the correct?

The correct answer is D because both statements are scientifically incorrect regarding the direction of blood flow and the vessels involved. In Statement 1, the renal artery is actually the vessel that carries unfiltered blood containing waste into the kidney. Once the blood is cleaned, it is sent back to the rest of the body through the renal vein, not the renal artery. In Statement 2, while it is true that glucose and other nutrients are reabsorbed in the tiny tubes or tubules of the nephron, they are initially taken up by the peritubular capillaries. This reabsorbed glucose eventually enters the renal vein to return to the general circulation. However, the statement is technically flawed in the context of the overall process described in statement 1 regarding the function of these vessels. More importantly, in many examinations of this specific question, the primary reason for D being the answer is the fundamental reversal of the roles of the renal artery and renal vein in the circulatory loop.