UPSC Prelims 2004·GS1·history·ancient history

With reference to ancient Jainism, which one of the following statements is correct?

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  1. AJainism was spread in South India under the leadership of Sthalabahu.
  2. BThe Jain’s who remained under the leadership of Bhadra bahu were called Shvetambaras after the Council held at Pataliputra.
  3. CJainism enjoyed the patronage of the Kalinga king Kharavela in the first century BC.Correct
  4. DIn the initial stage of Jainism, the Jain’s worshipped images unlike Buddhists.

Explanation

King Kharavela of Kalinga was a famous patron of Jainism during the first century BC, as evidenced by the Hathigumpha inscription found in the Udayagiri caves near Bhubaneswar. Option A is incorrect because Jainism spread to South India under Bhadrabahu, while Sthalabahu remained in the North. Option B is incorrect because the followers of Bhadrabahu became the Digambara sect, whereas the followers of Sthalabahu became the Shvetambara sect. Option D is incorrect because in the early stages, Jains did not practice image worship. This practice evolved much later.
history: With reference to ancient Jainism, which one of the following statements is correct?

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