Passage-2 The concept of 'creative society' refers to a phase of development of a society in which a large number of potential contradictions become articulate and active. This is most evident when oppressed social groups get politically mobilised and demand their rights. The upsurge of the peasants and tribals, the movements for regional autonomy and self-determination, the environmental movements, and the women's movements in the developing countries are signs of emergence of creative society in contemporary times. The forms of social movements and their intensity may vary from country to country and place to place within a country. But the very presence of movements for social transformation in various spheres of a society indicates the emergence of a creative society in a country. With reference to the passage consider the following statements: 1. To be a creative society, it is essential to have a variety of social movements. 2. To be a creative society, it is imperative to have potential contradictions and conflicts. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The passage defines a 'creative society' as "a phase of development of a society in which a large number of potential contradictions become articulate and active." It further states that the "presence of movements for social transformation in various spheres of a society indicates the emergence of a creative society".

Let's analyze each statement:

1. To be a creative society, it is essential to have a variety of social movements.

   • The passage states that "the very presence of movements for social transformation in various spheres of a society indicates the emergence of a creative society". While "various spheres" implies a variety of movements, the passage uses the word "indicates" rather than "essential". The core definition of a creative society is about contradictions becoming active, not necessarily the specific form or variety of movements that result. Movements are a sign or evidence, not the defining characteristic itself, nor are they explicitly stated as essential in their variety.

2. To be a creative society, it is imperative to have potential contradictions and conflicts.

   • The passage defines a creative society as one where "a large number of potential contradictions become articulate and active." Statement 2 only mentions having potential contradictions and conflicts. All societies have potential contradictions. The crucial part of the definition is that these contradictions must "become articulate and active." Merely having potential contradictions is not sufficient for a society to be considered 'creative' according to the passage's definition. Therefore, this statement is incomplete and thus incorrect.

Since both statements are incorrect based on a careful reading of the passage, option D is the correct answer.

The final answer is D