UPSC Prelims 2011·GS1·history·modern history

Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, “Unto this Last” and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi?

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  1. AUplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man
  2. BThe good of individual is contained in the good of allCorrect
  3. CThe life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit are essential for a noble life
  4. DAll the statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct in this context

Explanation

The correct answer is B because Mahatma Gandhi explicitly identified this principle as the most significant lesson he learned from John Ruskin's book, Unto This Last. In his autobiography, Gandhi summarized the teachings of the book into three main points. The first and most central point was that the good of the individual is contained in the good of all. This concept deeply influenced his philosophy of Sarvodaya, which means the welfare of all. While Gandhi also valued the dignity of labor and the importance of supporting the poor, the idea that individual well-being is inseparable from collective well-being was the specific transformative message he highlighted as the core essence of the book. Options A and C represent general Gandhian values but do not define the specific central message he derived from Ruskin's work.
history: Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, “Unto this Last” and the book

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