Which of the following is/are among the Fundamental Duties of citizens laid down in the Indian Constitution? 1. To preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture 2. To protect the weaker sections from social injustice 3. To develop the scientific temper and spirit of inquiry 4. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
- A1 and 2 only
- B2 only
- C1, 3 and 4 onlyCorrect
- D1, 2, 3 and 4
Explanation
The correct answer is C because statements 1, 3, and 4 are explicitly listed under Article 51A of the Indian Constitution, which enumerates the Fundamental Duties.
Statement 1 corresponds to Article 51A f, which mandates citizens to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
Statement 3 corresponds to Article 51A h, which requires citizens to develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
Statement 4 corresponds to Article 51A j, which urges citizens to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
Statement 2 is incorrect because protecting weaker sections from social injustice is not a Fundamental Duty. Instead, it is a Directive Principle of State Policy under Article 46, which directs the State to promote the interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other weaker sections and protect them from social injustice. Since statement 2 is excluded, option C is the right choice.
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