UPSC Prelims 2012·GS1·geography·ecology and environment

Which of the following can be threats to the biodiversity of a geographical area? 1. Global warming 2. Fragmentation of habitat 3. Invasion of alien species 4. Promotion of vegetarianism Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

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  1. A1, 2 and 3 onlyCorrect
  2. B2 and 3 only
  3. C1 and 4 only
  4. D1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

The correct answer is A because the first three factors directly contribute to the loss of biodiversity while the fourth does not. 1. Global warming changes climatic conditions, leading to habitat loss and shifts in species distribution that many organisms cannot survive. 2. Fragmentation of habitat occurs when large habitats are broken into smaller, isolated patches due to human activities like road building, which restricts animal movement and reduces genetic diversity. 3. Invasion of alien species involves non native species outcompeting local flora and fauna for resources, often leading to the extinction of indigenous species. 4. Promotion of vegetarianism is generally considered a measure to reduce the ecological footprint and pressure on land and water resources. It is not a threat to biodiversity; rather, it can help conserve it by reducing the demand for intensive livestock farming. Therefore, only statements 1, 2, and 3 are threats to biodiversity.
geography: Which of the following can be threats to the biodiversity of a geographical area? 1. Global warming 2. Fragmentation of

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