Which of the following grants/grant direct credit assistance to rural households? 1. Regional Rural Banks 2. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development 3. Land Development Banks Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were established to provide credit and other banking facilities to small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, artisans, and small entrepreneurs in rural areas, thus providing direct credit. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is an apex institution that provides refinance facilities to other financial institutions (like RRBs, Cooperative Banks, Commercial Banks) that lend to the rural sector. It does not directly lend to individual rural households. Land Development Banks (LDBs), now often part of the Cooperative Credit Structure (e.g., State Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Banks), provide long-term loans directly to farmers for agricultural development purposes like land improvement, purchase of machinery, etc. Therefore, only Regional Rural Banks and Land Development Banks provide direct credit assistance to rural households. The final answer is C) 1 and 3 only.