Brominated flame retardants are used in many household products like mattresses and upholstery. Why is there some concern about their use? 1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment. 2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are a group of organobromine compounds that are added to manufactured materials to make them less flammable. They have been widely used in a variety of products, including electronics, textiles, plastics, and furniture (like mattresses and upholstery).

Concerns about their use stem from their environmental and health characteristics:

1. They are highly resistant to degradation in the environment: This statement is correct. Many BFRs are Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), meaning they do not easily break down in the environment and can persist for long periods. This allows them to accumulate in various environmental compartments, including soil, water, and air.

2. They are able to accumulate in humans and animals: This statement is correct. Due to their persistence and lipophilic (fat-loving) nature, BFRs can bioaccumulate in the fatty tissues of living organisms, including humans, fish, and wildlife. They can also biomagnify up the food chain. Accumulation in the body can lead to various health concerns, including developmental, neurological, and endocrine effects.

Therefore, both statements highlight valid concerns about the use of brominated flame retardants.