UPSC Prelims 2015·CSAT·Quantitative Aptitude·Combinatorics and Probability

The number of persons who read magazine X only is thrice the number of persons who read magazine Y. The number of persons who read magazine Y only is thrice the number of persons who read magazine X. Then, which of the following conclusions can be drawn? 1) The number of persons who read both the magazines is twice the number of persons who read only magazine X. 2) The total number of persons who read either one magazine or both the magazines is twice the number of persons who read both the magazines. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

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  1. A1 only
  2. B2 only
  3. CBoth 1 and 2
  4. DNeither 1 nor 2Correct

Explanation

To solve this, let us define the variables based on the question. Let the number of persons who read magazine X only be a. Let the number of persons who read magazine Y only be b. Let the number of persons who read both magazines be c. The first condition states: a = 3 times (Total readers of Y). The total readers of Y consists of those who read Y only and those who read both. So, a = 3(b + c). The second condition states: b = 3 times (Total readers of X). The total readers of X consists of those who read X only and those who read both. So, b = 3(a + c). Now we have two equations: 1) a = 3b + 3c 2) b = 3a + 3c Subtracting the second equation from the first: a minus b = 3b minus 3a 4a = 4b This means a = b. Substitute a = b into the first equation: a = 3a + 3c minus 2a = 3c c = minus 2/3 of a. Since the number of persons (c) cannot be a negative value, these conditions are mathematically impossible for any positive number of readers. Because the premises themselves lead to an impossible scenario where the number of people reading both magazines would have to be negative, no logical conclusions can be drawn. Therefore, neither conclusion 1 nor conclusion 2 follows. The correct answer is D.
Quantitative Aptitude: The number of persons who read magazine X only is thrice the number of persons who read magazine Y. The number of person

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