Due to some reasons, if there is a huge fall in the population of species of butterflies, what could be its likely consequence/consequences? 1. Pollination of some plants could be adversely affected. 2. There could be a drastic increase in the fungal infections of some cultivated plants. 3. It could lead to a fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders and birds. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Statement 1 is correct: Butterflies are significant pollinators for a wide variety of plants. A drastic fall in their population would severely affect the pollination process for many plant species, potentially leading to reduced reproduction and adverse impacts on plant biodiversity and agricultural yields. Statement 2 is incorrect: While butterflies (as caterpillars) are herbivores, there is no direct or significant ecological link between a decline in butterfly populations and a drastic increase in fungal infections of cultivated plants. Fungal infections are primarily influenced by factors such as environmental conditions, plant susceptibility, and the presence of specific fungal pathogens, not typically controlled by butterfly populations. Statement 3 is correct: Butterflies, both in their larval (caterpillar) and adult stages, serve as a food source for numerous predators, including various species of wasps, spiders, and birds. A substantial reduction in butterfly numbers would therefore lead to a decrease in the food supply for these predators, potentially causing a decline in their populations due as part of the food web. Therefore, statements 1 and 3 are correct.