UPSC Prelims 2023·GS1·geography·geomorphology

Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea level, giving rise to present-day extensive marshland?

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Last updated 23 May 2026, 3:31 pm IST
  1. ABhitarkanika Mangroves
  2. BMarakkanam Salt Pans
  3. CNaupada Swamp
  4. DRann of KutchCorrect

Explanation

The Rann of Kutch, located in Gujarat, is widely recognized as the best example of an extensive marshland formed by repeated falls in sea level and tectonic activity. Historically, the Rann was an arm of the Arabian Sea. Geological evidence suggests that due to uplifting of the seabed and repeated regressions (falls) of sea level over geological time, combined with sediment deposition by rivers, it transformed into the vast salt marsh it is today. During monsoons, it gets inundated, appearing like a shallow sea, and dries up in other seasons, forming a salt desert. This dynamic process of sea-level fluctuations and land emergence best fits the description. Other options: Bhitarkanika Mangroves are known for their dense mangrove forests. Marakkanam Salt Pans are primarily human-made salt production facilities. Naupada Swamp is a coastal wetland, but not as extensively or historically linked to repeated sea-level falls on the scale of the Rann of Kutch.
geography: Which one of the following is the best example of repeated falls in sea level, giving rise to present-day extensive mars
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